Trump is considering calling Jerusalem Israel's capital, officials say
WASHINGTON -- President Trump is considering recognizing Jerusalem as Israel's capital, a highly charged declaration that risks inflaming tensions across the Middle East, officials said Thursday. The announcement would be a way to offset a likely decision delaying his campaign promise to move the U.S. Embassy to the holy city from Tel Aviv.
Mr. Trump's announcement is expected next week and follows months of internal deliberations that grew particularly intense in recent days, according to officials familiar with the talks. They described the president as intent on fulfilling his pledge to move the embassy but also mindful that doing so could set back his aim of forging a long-elusive peace agreement between Israel and the Palestinians, who claim part of Jerusalem as the capital of an eventual state.
The officials, who weren't authorized to publicly discuss the matter and spoke on condition of anonymity, said the outlines of Mr. Trump's plan emerged from a meeting of his top national security advisers at the White House on Monday. Mr. Trump himself was expected to drop by the meeting for 15 or 20 minutes. He ended up staying for at least an hour and grew increasingly animated during the session, according to two officials briefed on what happened.
U.S. diplomatic posts have been put on alert due to heightened security concerns in the Middle East due to the president's active consideration in recognizing Jerusalem as the capital of Israel. The security alert was given because the Mr. Trump is leaning toward this decision but has not made a final call. Three U.S. officials confirmed the security alert was sent out yesterday to U.S. posts in Muslim countries as a precautionary matter. Another U.S. official told CBS News that the president's retweets of anti-Muslim videos has added to the security concerns at U.S. posts.
Mr. Trump is likely to issue a waiver on moving the embassy by Monday, officials said, though they cautioned that the president could always decide otherwise. U.S. officials tell CBS News that changing the status of Jerusalem is a politically motivated decision by Mr. Trump, who has been frustrated by opposition to his campaign promise to move the U.S. embassy from Tel Aviv. Recognizing Jerusalem, but not immediately moving the embassy, is said to be his favored workaround.
Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and the State Department have opposed this decision. Secretary of Defense James Mattis has raised concerns about potential security threats to U.S. personnel given that Jerusalem is significant to all three monotheistic religions in the territory militarily seized by Israel in 1967. That disputed territory status has put Jerusalem at the center of resolving the conflict between Israelis and Palestinians. As one European diplomat told CBS News, it would destroy U.S. credibility on Mideast peace issues. A U.S. official emphasized many legal issues are being considered, including whether this violates international law.
One U.S. official said an option being considered -- and favored by many Arab states -- is to also recognize East Jerusalem as the capital of a future Palestinian state. Up to this point, the Trump administration has not committed to a two-state solution.
The White House also is considering a possible presidential speech or statement on Jerusalem by Wednesday, according to the officials and an outside administration adviser. Another possibility involves Vice President Mike Pence, who is set to travel to Israel in mid-December, making the Jerusalem announcement during his trip, one official said. Pence said Tuesday that Mr. Trump is "actively considering when and how" to move the embassy.
The Trump administration insisted the president hasn't made any decisions on the embassy.
"No decision on this matter has been made yet," State Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert said Thursday.
White House spokesman Sarah Sanders on Wednesday called an earlier report saying Mr. Trump would order an embassy move as "premature."
Moving the embassy is a step that could spark widespread protest across the Middle East and undermine an Arab-Israeli peace push led by president's son-in-law, Jared Kushner. Mr. Trump's campaign season promises won him the support of powerful pro-Israel voices in the Republican Party. But as president, he has faced equally forceful lobbying from close U.S. allies such as King Abdullah II of Jordan, who have impressed on him the dangers in abandoning America's carefully balanced position on the holy city.
Under U.S. law signed by President Bill Clinton in 1996, the U.S. must relocate its embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem unless the president waives the requirement on national security grounds, something required every six months. If the waiver isn't signed and the embassy doesn't move, the State Department would lose half its funding for its facilities and their security around the world. Republicans have championed embassy security since a 2012 attack on American compounds in Benghazi, Libya.
All presidents since Clinton have issued the waiver, saying Jerusalem's status is a matter for Israelis and Palestinians to negotiate. Mr. Trump signed the waiver at the last deadline in June, but the White House made clear he still intended to move the embassy.
Mr. Trump's approach appears to thread a fine needle, much like he did with the Iran nuclear deal. After vowing to pull out, Mr. Trump in October decertified the agreement as no longer serving America's national interests. But he didn't announce new sanctions or take any other step to immediately revoke the accord.
Now, as then, he faced significant resistance from his top national security advisers.
At Monday's White House meeting, Defense Secretary James Mattis and Secretary of State Rex Tillerson made the case that moving the embassy in Israel would pose a grave danger to American diplomats and troops stationed in the Middle East and Muslim nations, the U.S. officials said.
King Abdullah II, who met Mr. Trump and Tillerson this week in Washington, made the same argument, telling the president and others that any change to the embassy in the absence of an Israeli-Palestinian peace deal would create unrest and instability throughout the region and drive up anti-American sentiment, according to the officials.
After a lengthy back and forth at the White House meeting, Mr. Trump and his inner circle appeared to accept those concerns but insisted that the president had to demonstrate his stated commitment to move the embassy, the officials said. The discussion then turned toward waiving the embassy move for another six months but combining it with recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's eternal capital, which the Israelis have long sought.
Any change in U.S. position is delicate.
The State Department recently advised American diplomatic posts in predominantly Muslim nations that an announcement about the embassy and Jerusalem's status is possible next week, and advised them to be vigilant about possible protests, officials said.
Inside the Trump administration, officials said debate now centers on how to make a Jerusalem announcement without affecting Israeli-Palestinian "final status" negotiations. One option under consideration is to include in any such statement a nod to Palestinian aspirations for their capital to be in east Jerusalem.
The U.S. also faces legal constraints. Recognizing Jerusalem as Israel's capital without a peace deal could run afoul of U.N. Security Council resolutions that don't recognize Israeli sovereignty over the city. Washington has a veto on the council and could block any effort to declare the U.S. in violation, but any such vote risks being an embarrassment and driving a wedge between the United States and many of its closest allies.
CBS News' Margaret Brennan contributed to this report.
