Security Council Group Makes Deal On Iran
The five veto-wielding members of the U.N. Security Council reached a deal Tuesday on confronting Iran over its nuclear program, which Western nations fear is aimed at making an atomic weapon.
The 15 members of the council planned to meet later in the day to approve the statement, which was expected to demand that Iran abandon uranium enrichment.
"The agreement on a draft Resolution on Iran, likely to be passed later this week, reflects the urgency that all Security Council members feelis needed to address the threat that Iran poses if it continues to develop its nuclear weapons program," said CBS News foreign affairs analyst Pamela Falk from the U.N., "and the round-the-clock negotiations that have been taking place last week and this to get agreement before years' end appears to have paid off."
Earlier in the day, U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan warned that military intervention in Iran over its nuclear program would be "unwise and disastrous."
Annan issued the warning as the Security Council debated a resolution that would impose sanctions on Tehran for refusing to suspend uranium enrichment and the United States considered sending a second aircraft carrier to Persian Gulf as a show of force against Iran.
He addressed concerns about a possible military operation in Iran at a farewell news conference before stepping down as U.N. chief on Dec. 31 in response to a question about how the Security Council should deal with crises after the Iraq war. The council refused to authorize a war against Saddam Hussein in 2003 and Annan called the U.N.'s failure to stop the conflict "the worst moment" of his 10 years as secretary-general.
"You mentioned Iran, which implies that there is concern that there may be another military operation there," Annan told the reporter. "First of all, I don't think we are there yet, or we should go in that direction."
"I think it would be rather unwise and disastrous," the secretary-general warned. "I believe that the council, which is discussing the issue, will proceed cautiously and try and do whatever it can to get a negotiated settlement for the sake of the region and for the sake of the world," he said.
It was one of Annan's last opportunities to shape foreign policy, Falk said. "The possiblity of a U.S. intervention appears remote, particularly in light of the municipal elections in Iran, which delivered a strong message to the Iranian president that his defiant foreign policies are not playing well at home," she said.
President Bush's administration has repeatedly declined to rule out the use of force against Iran, though senior officials have also said their first choice is to rely on diplomacy.
A senior U.S. defense official said Tuesday the idea of building up U.S. Navy forces has been discussed over some time and one proposal is to send a second aircraft carrier to the region. The official, speaking on condition of anonymity because the idea has not been approved, said it's unclear when a decision will be made.
Iran insists its nuclear program is aimed solely at the peaceful production of nuclear energy, but the Americans and Europeans suspect Tehran's ultimate goal is the production of nuclear weapons
Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad reiterated Tuesday that possible Security Council sanctions would not stop Iran from pursuing uranium enrichment, a technology that can be used to produce nuclear fuel for civilian purposes or fuel for a nuclear bomb.
Annan expressed concern that because of Iran's nuclear program and the situation in Israel, which is widely believed to possess nuclear weapons, several governments in the Middle East have said recently they are going to explore facilities to produce nuclear energy.
"What I'm worried about is we may see competitive development of these devices," Annan said. "And we need to take time — we need to take real effort to assure that we don't get into that situation in the region."
The latest draft resolution being discussed by key Security Council members would order all countries to ban the supply of specified materials and technology that could contribute to Iran's nuclear and missile programs. It would also impose a travel ban and asset freeze on key companies and individuals in the country's nuclear and missile programs who are named on a U.N. list.
Russia and China remain at odds with the United States and key European countries, however, over the travel ban and a list of companies and individuals that should be subject to a freeze of their financial assets.
Russia's U.N. Ambassador Vitaly Churkin said Monday there had been "some progress" during talks among the six key nations trying to negotiate with Iran — Britain, France, Germany, the U.S., Russia and China. But he called the travel ban "unnecessary" and said that while Moscow accepts the concept of having some financial restrictions related to prohibited nuclear-related activities, "we have not agreed with the list."
Ambassadors from the six countries met again Tuesday morning with the United States and Britain pushing for adoption of the resolution this week but the same problems remained, with Churkin reiterating his opposition to the travel ban.
China's U.N. Ambassador Wang Guangya said there were still differences in a number of areas.
"I would say sometimes it looks like a technical difference, sometimes it looks like a political difference," Wang said.
The full 15-member council was scheduled to discuss the proposed resolution Tuesday afternoon.
Acting U.S. Ambassador Alejandro Wolff said Monday the U.S. views the travel ban as "a priority and an important element of this resolution and we will continue to push for it."
"It's a complicated exercise," he said.
The six countries offered Iran a package of economic incentives and political rewards in June if it agreed to consider a long-term moratorium on enrichment and committed itself to a freeze on uranium enrichment before talks on its nuclear program.
With Iran refusing to comply with an Aug. 31 council deadline to stop enrichment, Britain and France circulated a draft sanctions resolution in late October.