World

"General Time Horizon" Eyed For Troop Cuts

July 18, 2008 / 11:41 AM EDT / CBS/AP

The United States and Iraq have agreed to seek "a general time horizon" for deeper reductions in American combat troops in Iraq.

Iraqi officials, in a sign of growing confidence as violence decreases, have been pressuring the United States to agree to a specific timeline to withdraw U.S. forces. President Bush has adamantly opposed a timeline, and the White House said Friday that the timeframe being discussed would not be "an arbitrary date for withdrawal."

Bush and Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki talked about the timing issue as part of discussions over a broader security agreement to keep American troops in Iraq after a U.N. mandate expires on Dec. 31.

The White House says the two leaders, in a conversation on Thursday, agreed that the accord should include "a general time horizon for meeting aspirational goals, such as the resumption of Iraqi security control in their cities and provinces and the further reduction of U.S. combat forces from Iraq."

Iraq has proposed requiring U.S. forces to fully withdraw five years after the Iraqis take the lead on security nationwide - though that precondition could take years to meet.

Earlier this month, Iraq's national security adviser, Mouwaffak al-Rubaie, said Baghdad would not accept any security deal unless it contains specific dates for the withdrawal of U.S.-led forces. Al-Maliki also has said he expects the pending troop deal with the United States to have some type of timetable for withdrawal.

Bush has vetoed legislation approved by the Democratic Congress setting deadlines for American troop cutbacks.

The White House statement said the timing of further reductions would be linked to improved security conditions. In recently weeks, Iraq's government has expressed increasing confidence about its authority and the country's improved stability.

The United States has handed control of nine of 18 provinces to Iraqi officials.

The U.S. military buildup in Iraq that began more than 18 months ago has ended. In recent days, the 3rd Infantry Division's 2nd Brigade, the last of the five additional combat brigades sent in by Bush last year, left the country. There are still 150,000 U.S. troops in Iraq - as many as 15,000 more than before the buildup began.

Adm. Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said on Wednesday that he is likely to recommend further troops reductions this fall because security has improved.

"I won't go so far as to say that progress in Iraq from a military perspective has reached a tipping point or is irreversible

it has not, and it is not," Mullen said. "But security is unquestionably and remarkably better. Indeed, if these trends continue I expect to be able early this fall to recommend to the secretary and the president further troop reductions."

Defense Secretary Robert Gates said officials are looking for ways to send additional U.S. troops to Afghanistan this year. A cutback in Iraq could clear the way for more troops to go to Afghanistan.

The White House statement said the reduction in U.S. forces in Iraq was "a testament to the improving capacity of Iraq's Security Forces and the success of joint operations that were initiated under the new strategy put in place by the president and the prime minister in January 2007."

In other developments:

Inferior electrical work by private contractors on U.S. military bases in Iraq is more widespread than the Pentagon has acknowledged, according to a published report.

U.S. forces in Iraq are launching a new crackdown on weapons smuggling from Iran, in part by tighter monitoring of vehicles at official border crossings, a U.S. commander told The Associated Press on Friday. The effort is aimed at smugglers who, according to Maj. Gen. Michael Oates, supply Shiite extremist groups mainly in Baghdad with rockets, missiles, mortars and assembled explosive devices that have killed many U.S. troops.

The International Organization for Migration says the displacement of people in Iraq has slowed to a trickle this year and that some of the country's 2.8 million uprooted have been encouraged to go home. But the 122-nation body says in a report Friday that most displaced Iraqis continue to face dire living conditions. They struggle to find decent shelter, food, health care, water and other basic services.