SUVs Sideswiped In Safety Tests
Two small sport utility vehicles with side air bags got high ratings from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety in its first-ever side-impact crash tests.
But for the most part, vehicles performed poorly in the tests, which were among the first to measure what happens when dummies the size of small women are hit in side-impact crashes.
In test results released Tuesday, 2003 models of the Subaru Forester and the Ford Escape performed best among the 12 small SUVs tested.
Both vehicles received a "good" rating. The only other vehicle tested with side air bags, the Hyundai Santa Fe, received the second best "acceptable" rating, while the others earned `marginal" or "poor" scores.
The results were based on vehicle performance as well as how much injury was caused to identical dummies in the driver's seat and left rear seat as a result of the 31 mph crash.
The Subaru Forester offers standard side air bags with torso and head protection, while similar air bags are optional in the Ford Escape. The Insurance Institute found that when the Escape was tested without air bags, it performed considerably worse.
The Mitsubishi Outlander performed the worst in the Insurance Industry's test. In an Outlander with no side air bag, the crash barrier crushed the side of the vehicle and struck the dummy in the head, causing serious injuries to the head, torso and pelvis.
Mitsubishi said it will review the tests results, but added that the Insurance Institute is using a new kind of test that hasn't been adopted by automakers. The company also pointed out that it received high ratings in a frontal crash test performed by the Insurance Institute earlier this year.
"In fact, the 2003 Mitsubishi Outlander has demonstrated very good real world safety performance," the company said in a statement.
The Honda CR-V and the Jeep Wrangler got ratings of "marginal," while the lowest rating of "poor" went to the Honda Element, the Saturn Vue, the Land Rover Freelander, the Suzuki Grand Vitara, the Toyota RAV4, the Escape without air bags, and the Outlander.
The Insurance Institute automatically tested the vehicles with air bags if the air bags were standard. Automakers that offer side air bags as an option could ask the group to test their vehicles with the air bags as long as they agreed to supply a second vehicle without them. Otherwise, the vehicle was tested without a side air bag.
Ford was the only company that requested two tests, the Insurance Institute said. The Freelander, RAV4, Grand Vitara and the Wrangler don't offer side air bags as an option.
The Insurance Institute said side-impact tests are critical, since many vehicles that perform well in frontal crashes are still vulnerable in side crashes. The boom in large SUVs and pickups also has contributed to an increasing proportion of deaths in side-impact crashes, since vehicles are often mismatched by height and weight, safety experts say.
In a report released last week, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said it is considering adopting minimum head and chest protection requirements. The Insurance Institute also is working with automakers to develop voluntary safety standards to minimize damage in side-impact crashes. Those standards are expected to come out in late fall.
In the meantime, Brian O'Neill, president of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, said he hopes the crash test results will spur improvements more quickly.
"This is what happened with our frontal crash test results, and now we expect consumers will use the new test results to help them choose vehicles," he said.
Results of side-impact crash tests for 12 small sport utility vehicles. "Good" was the highest rating, followed by ``acceptable,'' ``marginal'' and ``poor'':
Vehicle Overall Rating Air bagSubaru Forester(2003) Good Standard
Ford Escape(2001-03) Good Optional
Hyundai Santa Fe(2002-03) Acceptable Standard
Honda CR-V(2002-03) Marginal Optional
Jeep Wrangler(1997-2003) Marginal Not offered
Ford Escape (w/o air bag) Poor Optional
Honda Element(2003) Poor Optional
Saturn Vue 2002-03) Poor Optional
LandRover Freelander(2002-03) Poor Not offered
Suzuki Grand Vitara(1999-2003) Poor Not offered
Toyota RAV4 (2001-03) Poor Not offered
Mitsubishi Outlander 2003) Poor OptionalSource: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety