Obama Close To New Afghanistan Strategy
The Obama administration is planning a new strategy for the war in Afghanistan - a war the president has said the United States is not winning.
Administration, defense and intelligence officials said the revised plan's objectives will include enlisting Pakistan in the fight against extremism, boosting counter-insurgency tactics in Afghanistan, and helping to stabilize the fragile government in Kabul.
The White House expects to announce new objectives for the flagging war as soon as next week that place an onus on next-door Pakistan to contain extremism, defense and administration officials said Thursday.
President Barack Obama was expected to explain the redrawn U.S. objectives to NATO allies when he attends a NATO summit in Europe next month.
The in-house review coordinated by the White House National Security Council lays out objectives over three years to five years, although that doesn't necessarily mean the U.S. military could leave in that time, defense officials said.
The objectives were expected to roughly parallel 15 goals contained in a 20-page classified report to the White House from the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Among those were getting rid of terrorist safe havens in Pakistan and adopting a regional approach to reducing the threat of terrorism and extremism in both countries.
Broadly speaking, the Obama administration was expected to endorse a doctrine of counterinsurgency that has military and civilian components and that scales back U.S. expectations for Afghan democracy and self-sufficiency. A main theme is the premise that the military alone cannot win the war, officials said.
According to senior military and intelligence officials, the U.S. goal in Afghanistan must be to protect Kabul's fragile government from collapsing under pressure from the Taliban - a goal that can only be achieved by securing Pakistan's cooperation, increasing substantially the size of Afghanistan's national security forces, and boosting economic aid in the region.
4863545"We're just about done," Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Adm. Mike Mullen (left) said in an interview on PBS' "The Charlie Rose Show" on Thursday.
The review addresses "the safe haven in Pakistan, making sure that Afghanistan doesn't provide a capability in the long run or an environment in which al Qaeda could return or the Taliban could return," Mullen said, as well as the need for stability, economic development and better governance in Afghanistan, and the development of the Afghan armed forces.
An administration official said that although the review was not complete, one thrust was that Pakistan needed to recognize that combating extremism was in its own interest as well as that of U.S. and NATO fighting forces across the border in Afghanistan. The official, like others interviewed for this story, spoke on condition of anonymity because the review was not complete.
On Tuesday Vice President Joe Biden told a meeting of NATO ambassadors, "We need to look at Afghanistan and Pakistan together because success in one requires progress in the other."
The review overseen by former CIA analyst Bruce Riedel drew on several generally bleak internal government assessments of the war done over the past six months. People familiar with those accounts sum up the conclusions much as Mr. Obama himself described the Afghanistan war in a New York Times interview last week: The United States is not winning.
Gen. David Petraeus, head of U.S. Central Command, and Richard Holbrooke, the U.S. special envoy to Afghanistan and Pakistan, met privately on Thursday with more than a dozen senators. Although the session was confidential, it was part of the administration's effort to recruit support for a trimmed-down U.S. mission in the war begun by former President George W. Bush following the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.
It is not clear whether Mr. Obama will approve additional forces for Afghanistan this year beyond 17,000 he has already dispatched. His ground commander in Afghanistan, Gen. David McKiernan, has requested up to 30,000 troops.
The White House review was expected to frame U.S. objectives in two major categories: strategic regional goals for stability in impoverished Afghanistan and nuclear-armed Pakistan, and smaller-scale warfighting goals for the growing U.S. military commitment in Afghanistan.
The review was expected to focus on containing the Taliban and the proliferation of lesser-known militant groups, providing a greater sense of security and stability for Afghan civilians and increasing the size and proficiency of the Afghan armed forces.
"I would say that, at a minimum, the mission is to prevent the Taliban from retaking power against a democratically-elected government in Afghanistan and thus turning Afghanistan, potentially, again, into a haven for al Qaeda and other extremist groups," Defense Secretary Robert Gates said in an interview with National Public Radio this week.
Part of the strategy would be purely military, as the 17,000 additional troops President Obama has approved for Afghanistan this year attest. Their role is to face off against extremists in the busy spring and summer fighting season and buy time for less tangible counterinsurgency tactics to take hold.
Administration and military leaders have given a glimpse into one such tactic, describing ways that Afghan and U.S. leaders might co-opt or pay off mid- and lower-level Taliban and other insurgents in rough imitation of a successful strategy to blunt the insurgency in Iraq.
However he cautioned that a military surge must also be accompanied by a "political surge" engaging the Afghan government, the opposition, and the international community, including Afghanistan's neighbors.
The Netherlands government said it will host the one-day conference in The Hague on March 31 and invite Afghanistan's neighbors (including Iran) as well as the United States and other
nations contributing to military operations and reconstruction efforts in the war-shattered country. Aid donors and international organizations are also being invited.
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton proposed the meeting earlier this month.