Obama College Loan Plan Is Controversial

Washington Post: Higher-Education Proposals Would Transform The Financial Aid Landscape

(Washingtonpost.com)  This story was written by Shailagh Murray.

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President Obama's health-care goals may be garnering attention, but his higher-education proposals are no less ambitious.

If adopted, they could transform the financial aid landscape for millions of students while expanding federal authority to a degree that even Democrats concede is controversial.

At stake is a plan to expand the Pell Grant program, making it an entitlement akin to Medicare and Social Security. Key to the effort is a consolidation of student lending that would give the U.S. Department of Education a near monopoly over the practice -- a proposal that has mobilized the private loan industry, which lent $55.3 billion to 6.4 million students in the 2007-2008 school year.

Obama outlined his initiatives, which also include incentives for colleges to cut costs and to raise graduation rates, in the fiscal 2010 budget that Congress approved Wednesday, and Democratic leaders said they hope to make them law by October.

The aim is to improve access to post-secondary school for those who need it most: lower-income students for whom college or vocational training can be the decisive factor in their economic future. The president has said he wants the United States to lead the world by 2010 in the proportion of college graduates, a position the country had long held; it now ranks seventh for the 25 to 34 age group. He has also called for every American to attend a post-secondary institution.

Neither goal will be met if students can't afford the cost.

The administration's plans are "the most fundamental rewriting of federal student aid policy in 35 years," said Terry Hartle, senior vice president of the American Council on Education. "These are big changes. They are painted with a broad brush. . . . It's easy for this to be overshadowed by health-care proposals, but for many families, these discussions will be equally important."

Even critics of the plan say the status quo is unsustainable.

Students are amassing debt on a scale that approximates a home mortgage. The economic downturn has meant rising rates for defaults on loans, as well as for students dropping out. Private schools face shrinking endowments, and public universities face state budget cuts.

The tuition crisis has built over many years, however, and until recently Congress did little to address it. The maximum Pell Grant award was frozen at $4,050 from 2003 through 2007. When Democrats came to power, they laid the groundwork for many of the changes on the table, including raising Pell Grants to the current amount of $4,731. They also began to curb federally subsidized private loans.

But Obama would go much further. He wants to terminate the private Federal Family Education Loan program, the primary source of student loans. Advocates say the move is a formality: The government already effectively controls the program by guaranteeing the loans, paying a special allowance to lenders, and in recent months, buying back loans by the billions from struggling firms.

Shifting all lending authority to the government through its Direct Loan program would save $94 billion over 10 years, according to the Congressional Budget Office. Obama would use that windfall to expand the Pell Grant program, created in 1965 to cover most tuition costs for low-income students.

Creating another mandatory spending program during a recession, with a record high federal deficit, leaves many lawmakers uneasy.

Rep. Paul D. Ryan (Wis.), the senior Republican on the House Budget Committee, decried Obama's Pell Grant proposal as "an autopilot entitlement immune from congressional oversight at precisely the time when we should be reforming existing entitlements."

Obama also is seeking to overhaul federal Perkins loans, administered by schools to bridge gaps between other loans, grants and scholarships. The revamped Perkins program would provide $6 billion in loans a year, compared with the current level of $1 billion, and participation would be expanded beyond the current 1,800 institutions to all 4,400 colleges and universities. An additional 2.7 million students could receive the loans.

In a potentially significant shift, the administration has suggested it wants to change the distribution formula for Perkins loans, to give priority to needier students and to reward schools that control costs.

The private lending industry is fighting to preserve its role, but Obama asserted last month that he saw the choice as stark.

"In the end, this is not about growing the size of government or relying on the free market -- because it's not a free market when we have a student loan system that's rigged to reward private lenders without any risk."

Industry officials contend that private loans provide stronger default protections and better serve smaller schools, and some institutions have suggested that they may be content to play a more limited role. Industry officials are urging lawmakers to convene a summit of industry leaders to search for middle ground. But they also acknowledge that the prospect of capturing $94 billion and directing it to Pell Grant assistance could prove hard for Congress to resist.

"The only reason they're doing this is the government can make a lot of money," said Kevin Bruns, executive director of the trade group America's Student Loan Providers. "Private-sector lending built this entire industry, and now the federal government has piggybacked off of it."

White House officials, along with veterans of financial aid debates, have been surprised by the lack of strong resistance to the Obama plan so far, even among Republicans.

Rep. George Miller (D-Calif.), House education committee chairman, said the recent credit market turmoil "pretty much makes the case" that private lending is an unstable source of college aid. But he said lawmakers from both parties are bombarded with complaints about college costs, and they know something must change.

"It's a very significant amount of savings and will be very beneficial to families," Miller said.

The most vocal naysayer is Sen. Ben Nelson (D-Neb.), who voted against the budget in part because of the student loan proposal. Nelson's state is home to Nelnet, a Lincoln-based corporate loan provider that employs 1,000 people and that has contributed generously to his political campaigns.

"It's not just thinking about your state," he said. "I have a fundamental difference in opinion thinking that all student aid ought to come from the government."

But other Democrats with large private lending operations in their states, including Rep. Allen Boyd of Florida and Sen. Robert P. Casey of Pennsylvania, supported the 2010 budget, with the student loan reforms intact.

As the legislation advances, Democratic lawmakers are anticipating a far more forceful opposition. "The lobbyists are very active on this one," Miller said.

Rep. Timothy H. Bishop (D-N.Y.), a former college provost and a member of Miller's committee, said the lending proposal "goes to the very heart of one's perception of what is the role of the federal government. And I think there will be a significant fight over it."

But he added, "If you just look at it from the practical aspects of how the program functions, it's really hard to justify. Why do we need a middleman?"

[LovelyDay4Me]

I think this plan is a good start but it does not help every struggling person. What about those that attend a private college and can't tranfer in there last semester due to intership and is no longer eligible for grant or loan funding.

[tokenb]

The Obama Nation is quickly becoming an abomination. It's a grotesque perversion of the philosophy upon which this country's founders built our great nation. What makes him so dangerous is that he is a youthful prodigy - an uncanny master, almost a Pied Piper of sorts, of demagogic rhetoric and scapegoating (think Wall Street big shots, big banks, drug companies, student loan companies etc?) His prowess in this regard reminds me of another infamous demagogue who got the great unwashed masses to follow him like a flock of mesmerized sheep to tragic consequences. Anybody know who I'm talking about? Anybody?
If he was a baseball player jacked up on steroids they would probably nick name him A-Hit.
But since he was a fascist jacked up on amphetamine let's just call him Adolph Hitler.
For the Obama supporters who don't understand a word of what they just read:
Don't ask questions. Just follow the person in front of you into the shower and don't worry about a thing. Barack says it's OK so it must be so.

[LovelyDay4Me]

Are you against helping people or just helping other people that are not like you?

[dante805]

More Socialism from Obama the Great. First Cubs, then Venezuela, Now the USA. Change is what YOU all voted for. Good Luck.

[skyk-2009]

StopTheLoonyLeft at 12:15 PM : May 4, 2009

GEEZZZZ are all you Right Wing Extremist uneducated or what? How this works you poor mental midget is IF you have a better solution for the problem put it out there. If you don't or as in your case, you lack the intelligence to come up with something, it's better to be quite and listen as the educated people discuss the issue. In other words CLOSE your mouth and you MIGHT learn something!!

[skyk-2009]

Attention, everybody! Obama now offers FREE college! Last week, it was FREE health care!! The week before, FREE housing!!! When do we get FREE GM cars?? Just remember to vote Democrat for more FREE!!!
Posted by budmag06 at 12:18 AM : May 5, 2009

LOL Right! I have given up expecting more from ditto heads but you folks still amaze me! You can't present a common sense response to a problem and you most certainly lack the intelligence to present something that makes more sense so what do you do? Well you do what ditto heads have been doing for THREE Decades, twist and distort the truth. The Problem IS NOT going away if we ignore it... in fact history has shown us that it will only get worse if we ignore it. Now either get in the game or become even MORE irrelevant!

[budmag06]

Attention, everybody! Obama now offers FREE college! Last week, it was FREE health care!! The week before, FREE housing!!! When do we get FREE GM cars?? Just remember to vote Democrat for more FREE!!!

[whitemale08]

NO MATTER WHAT OBAMA DOES FROM HERE ON OUT, HE HAS BETRAYED THE AMERICAN PEOPLE BY BAILING OUT HIS BUDDY WARREN BUFFET AT GOLDMAN SUCKS!

BAILING OUT WALL STREET MAKES OBAMA STINK!!!!

[sjc_1]

"Shifting all lending authority to the government through its Direct Loan program would save $94 billion over 10 years..."

Absolutely...the government has been guaranteeing loans made through banks for a long time. Banks make $10 BILLION per year pure profit lending money with NO risk. It is a license to print money that has been protected by the banks and their lobbyists. It is LONG past due for this!

[1notrub11]

Agreed on the misplaced effort - fix high school issues first - without decent basic skills, effective higher ed is a waste of time. Furthermore, higher education is not for everyone and there are plenty of important skills that are best serviced by other educational institutions that are not "college or university".

Give me an employee or a job that requires a decent work ethic every time. These are your reliable citizens and jobs.

[oftencensord]

""He has also called for every American to attend a post-secondary institution. ""

Feel like big brother is trying to run your life yet?

1. News flash Obama, the high school drop out is pretty high, maybe you should start with improving that.
2. There are a lot of Americans who do not value public education and "higher" education and have a constitutional right not to participate.
3. The human experience ( my life ) of living on earth, is not a contest among the nations to see who tops the statistical charts on education!
4. America needs to first be "educated" at RESPECTING the "uneducated" people who are the "working poor" so often humiliated by politicians. People who work, have strong family values and a lot of dignity, are pointed at and called FAILURES ! What kind of arrogant attitude does the US Government have about it's citizens?