April 20, 2008
The Bypass Effect On Diabetes, Cancer
Surgery Can Send Diabetes Into Remission, And May Reduce Risk Of Certain Cancers
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The Bypass Effect
An operation performed primarily to reduce weight in the obese has some startlingly positive side effects on type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, high blood pressure, coronary artery disease and even cancer. Lesley Stahl reports.
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Experts On The Gastric Band
Dr. Neil Hutcher and Dr. David Cummings discuss the gastric band and its effect on diabetes.
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Surgeons have been performing bariatric, or weight loss operations since the 1950s, but they're much safer than they used to be. They're typically done laparoscopically now, where doctors use tiny surgical tools and video cameras instead of making big, deep incisions.
Despite the increase in obesity, only a small number of people have had the gastric bypass operation.
Correspondent Lesley Stahl met some people who were once morbidly obese.
There was Tony Sideman, who underwent surgery in April 2007 and has lost 140 pounds; there was Janet Rovak, who lost 90 pounds in the eight months since her surgery; and there was Travis Goodbou, who lost 260 pounds in the seven months since he underwent the operation.
Dr. Neil Hutcher from Richmond, Va. has performed more than 3,000 bypass surgeries. Asked how many people gain the weight back, Dr. Hutcher tells Stahl, "You know I think when you’re dealing with an incurable disease that kills many people, if you have an 85 to 90 percent success rate, that’s pretty darn good."
"Is that what you have?" Stahl asks.
"Yeah," Hutcher says.
There's no diet, no exercise regimen, and no pill with a success rate like that. These patients lose a ton of weight and keep it off.
Here's how Hutcher does the surgery: first, he sections off a small pouch of the upper part of the stomach, which is then attached to a lower part of the small intestine, bypassing most of the stomach, so that there's not a lot of room for food.
It used to be that roughly one in 100 people died from this operation. Hutcher says it's now about one in 1,000, which makes it less deadly than most major surgeries.
"It's less than gall bladder surgery. It's about one-tenth of cardiac surgery," he explains.
It's safer because of new surgical techniques which have also made it more effective. For instance, they can make the stomach pouch smaller than they used to.
"Even if I wanted to eat a whole cheesecake, my stomach is very tiny. It holds four ounces max, stretched to the max. And that's not even one piece of cheesecake," a female patient explained.
A big reason the operation works is because it seems to suppress appetite. "If you listen to your patients, they come back and they say, 'Doctor, you put the fire out,'" Hutcher says.
"When you see a sign for fast food or…she's already shaking her head at me," Stahl asked a patient.
"Don't want it," the female patient replied. "I used to crave sweets all the time. I couldn't go past the gift shop at work without getting a candy bar. Now I go past it and I never give it a thought."
Paul Delios of Saugus, Mass. has lost 90 pounds. He owns a doughnut shop with his siblings, but he's able to resist the cravings. "Before I'd have cravings for everything. Now I really don't," he told Stahl.
For most patients the cravings really do disappear. One theory is that's because the operation suppresses the levels of a stomach hormone called "grelin" that activates the sensation of hunger.
Yet most people who have this operation do not get skinny. Dr. David Cummings, an expert on appetite at the University of Washington, says as a rule these patients end up just one third lighter.
"Most people with severe obesity who undergo gastric bypass do not become fully normal, in terms of body weight. They go from severely obese to mildly obese, or from obese to overweight. But nevertheless it’s an enormous change," Dr. Cummings explains.
And not just in terms of weight loss. Dr. Hutcher says the operation itself can take type 2 diabetes - which has ballooned in this country - and throw it into complete remission.
Produced by Shachar Bar-On
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See all 126 CommentsAnd there are side effects, too:
Nausea and vomiting, dehydration, food intolerance, changed bowel habits, dumping syndrome, transient hair thinning, cold intolerance, and the need for extensive plastic surgery after about 2 years living with excess drooping skin.
I wouldn''t recommend it unless you are permanently morbidly obese.
http://www.tribune-democrat.com/archivesearch/local_story_076231435.html
Tom
1. Duodenal Switch, formally termed the Biliopancreatic diversion with Duodenal switch, or BPDw/DS
2. The Roux en Y Gastric Bypass or RNY
3. The Fobi Pouch Gastric Bypass
4. The Lap Band
5 The Gastric Sleeve or Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy
6. Vertical Banded Gastroplasty
7. Mini Gastric Bypass
Thank you.
and have maintain my loss within a 5-10 lb window.
This surgery did save my life and I now enjoy the things I missed out on for the last 30 + years. I thank God everyday for my Surgeon Dr. Jeff Brown and all the staff that worked so hard to prepare us for the life we now live. I don''t need to eat constantly, in fact I have to now remember to eat. What a difference this surgery is and even though the weight does come off quickly, it is still a juggling act to keep it off. We start out with small pouches but over time they do let us eat more so if trained properly, like I was, the weight will stay off for the rest of my life. Thank you CBS for doing such a great job on this piece.
Hence- why the miraculous reaction to the elimination of type 2 diabetes in gastric surgery patients.
Why would anyone correlate remedies achieved in type two gastric applications with type 1 or juvenile diabetes?
Common sense would suggest there is no correlation beyond drastically reducing carb intake- which, in non- obese folks- might be dangerous.
MCG
My husbands previous wife also died from complications after having the same one and also was not listed as the cause of death. My question is out of the hundreds of thousand that have had the surgery how many are still alive? How many are having complications from the surgery?
My husbands previous wife also died from complications after having the same one and also was not listed as the cause of death. My question is out of the hundreds of thousand that have had the surgery how many are still alive? How many are having complications from the surgery?
My husbands previous wife also died from complications after having the same one and also was not listed as the cause of death. My question is out of the hundreds of thousand that have had the surgery how many are still alive? How many are having complications from the surgery?
Great piece and I wil be using it in the fight in NH to help all the others.
Bob
I suspect that this bariatric surgical process is doomed to fail, in the long run, because the underlying cause of the insulin resistance has not been addressed in any way. The diabetic-style bacterial flora may return if the elevated carbohydrate consumption is not terminated.
Type II Diabetics lose muscle mass continuously from about age thiry and are literally unable to maintain an equilibrium of net muscle synthesis. It is natural that they would be suicidal with the painful bio-feedback one would expect in that situation. In spite of their inclination toward obesity, Type II Diabetics are literally starving their muscles to death. Skinny men commit suicide at higher rates than fat men. The fat men are getting some additional level of food satisfaction that keeps them happy (non-suicial). The diabetics that get the bariatric surgery are aggravating their problem of limited food satiation and that is the cause for their increased rate of suicide.
ken in houston
832-655-6520
kruss3@gmail.com
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