Seasons Springing Forward, Reports Show
Nature's Springtime Events Starting Sooner Because Of Global Warming, Scientists Say
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Spring airborne pollen is being released about 20 hours earlier every year, according to a Swiss study that looked at common allergies since 1979. (AP Photo/Jeff Barnard)
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Thirty years ago, Washington's famous cherry blossom trees usually waited to bloom until early April. (AP)
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In central California, the first of the field skipper sachem, a drab little butterfly, was fluttering about on March 12. Just 25 years ago, that creature predictably emerged there anywhere from mid-April to mid-May.
And sneezes are coming earlier in Philadelphia. On March 9, when allergist Dr. Donald Dvorin set up his monitor, maple pollen was already heavy in the air. Less than two decades ago, that pollen couldn't be measured until late April.
Pollen is bursting. Critters are stirring. Buds are swelling. Biologists are worrying.
"The alarm clock that all the plants and animals are listening to is running too fast," Stanford University biologist Terry Root said.
Blame global warming.
The fingerprints of man-made climate change are evident in seasonal timing changes for thousands of species on Earth, according to dozens of studies and last year's authoritative report by the Nobel Prize-winning international climate scientists. More than 30 scientists told The Associated Press how global warming is affecting plants and animals at springtime across the country, in nearly every state.
What's happening is so noticeable that scientists can track it from space. Satellites measuring when land turns green found that spring "green-up" is arriving eight hours earlier every year on average since 1982 north of the Mason-Dixon line. In much of Florida and southern Texas and Louisiana, the satellites show spring coming a tad later, and bizarrely, in a complicated way, global warming can explain that too, the scientists said.
Biological timing is called phenology. Biological spring, which this year begins at 1:48 a.m. EDT Thursday, is based on the tilt of the Earth as it circles the sun. The federal government and some university scientists are so alarmed by the changes that last fall they created a National Phenology Network at the U.S. Geological Survey to monitor these changes.
The idea, said biologist and network director Jake Weltzin, is "to better understand the changes, and more important what do they mean? How does it affect humankind?"
There are winners, losers and lots of unknowns when global warming messes with natural timing. People may appreciate the smaller heating bills from shorter winters, the longer growing season and maybe even better tasting wines from some early grape harvests. But biologists also foresee big problems.
The changes could push some species to extinction. That's because certain plants and animals are dependent on each other for food and shelter. If the plants bloom or bear fruit before animals return or surface from hibernation, the critters could starve. Also, plants that bud too early can still be whacked by a late freeze.
It's all a part of life. Timing is everything.
Jake Weltzindirector, National Phenology Network
The checkerspot butterfly disappeared from Stanford's Jasper Ridge preserve because shifts in rainfall patterns changed the timing of plants on which it develops. When the plant dries out too early, the caterpillars die, said Notre Dame biology professor Jessica Hellmann.
"It's an early warning sign in that it's an additional onslaught that a lot of our threatened species can't handle," Hellmann said.
It's not easy on some people either. A controlled federal field study shows that warmer temperatures and increased carbon dioxide cause earlier, longer and stronger allergy seasons.
"For wind-pollinated plants, it's probably the strongest signal we have yet of climate change," said University of Massachusetts professor of aerobiology Christine Rogers. "It's a huge health impact. Seventeen percent of the American population is allergic to pollen."
While some plants and animals use the amount of sunlight to figure out when it is spring, others base it on heat building in their tissues, much like a roasting turkey with a pop-up thermometer. Around the world, those internal thermometers are going to "pop" earlier than they once did.
This past winter's weather could send a mixed message. Globally, it was the coolest December through February since 2001 and a year of heavy snowfall. Despite that, it was still warmer than average for the 20th century.
Phenology data go back to the 14th century for harvest of wine grapes in France. There is a change in the timing of fall, but the change is biggest in spring. In the 1980s there was a sudden, big leap forward in spring blooming, scientists noticed. And spring keeps coming earlier at an accelerating rate.
Unlike sea ice in the Arctic, the way climate change is tinkering with the natural timing of day-to-day life is concrete and local. People can experience it with all five senses:
In Washington, seven of the last 20 Cherry Blossom Festivals have started after peak bloom. This year will be close, the National Park Service predicts. Last year, Knoxville's dogwood blooms came and went before the city's dogwood festival started. Boston's Arnold Arboretum permanently rescheduled Lilac Sunday to a May date eight days earlier than it once was.
Even western wildfires have a timing connection to global warming and are coming earlier. An early spring generally means the plants that fuel fires are drier, producing nastier fire seasons, said University of Arizona geology professor Steve Yool. It's such a good correlation that Weltzin, the phenology network director, is talking about using real-time lilac data to predict upcoming fire seasons. Lilacs, which are found in most parts of the country, offer some of the broadest climate overview data going back to the 1950s.
This year, though, it's the early red maple that's creating buzz, as well as sniffles. A New Jersey conservationist posted an urgent message on a biology listserv on Feb. 1 about the early blooming. A 2001 study found that since 1970, that tree is blossoming on average at least 19 days earlier in Washington, D.C.
Such changes have "implications for the animals that are dependent on this plant," Weltzin said, as he stood beneath a blooming red maple in late February. By the time the animals arrive, "the flowers may already be done for the year." The animals may have to find a new food source.
"It's all a part of life," Weltzin said. "Timing is everything."
© MMVIII The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.



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Indeed, I%u2019m appalled at the governor%u2019s lack of response to the global warming thunderstorms and tornadoes we''ve just had as well. We have no comprehensive strategy in place whatsoever, let alone a detailed plan of action to mitigate the effects of these tornadoes, and mother earth continues to suffer while the governor%u2019s office refuses to go forward and do what%u2019s right for our mother.
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How long must we sit idly by while our mother continues to suffer from the warming taking place at a feverish pace? How long must our mother suffer before we have proper c02 taxes put into place? How long must the destruction of mother earth take place before we finally put responsible plans into action?
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We the people call upon the governor to implement a comprehensive antiglobal warming strategy at once and work in coordination with state and federal officials; these tornadoes and storms continue to worsen and the quicker we stop the warming the sooner we will see these storms cease. We need action now.
mocaIeo
Congratulations, you are the moron of the day.
Please stick your head back up your "big old b-u-t-t."
lol!
Global warming caused shifts in weather could just as likely cause colder than normal seasons as warmer. The point is its hard to grow crops if you can not count on the weather being somewhat predictable. If the climate changes faster than animals and plants can adapt we are in trouble. Through the bee die offs and bat starvations we have seen in the last year and things could get very harsh very fast. I don''t think we are talking in my children''s lifetime now as much as my own.
Global warming caused shifts in weather could just as likely cause colder than normal seasons as warmer. The point is its hard to grow crops if you can not count on the weather being somewhat predictable. If the climate changes faster than animals and plants can adapt we are in trouble. Throw in the bee die offs and bat starvations we have seen in the last year and things could get very harsh very fast. I don''t think we are talking in my children''s lifetime now as much as my own.
is predicting snow this Monday March 24th.
Posted by mocaIeo
Snow in the mountains in March is not unusual. It may seem unusual because it happens less frequently than in the past, but it''s not considered a bizarre event.
I really wish CBS would make just one change to their global warming stories: leave the man-made part out! Global warming is real, only a fool would continue to deny that. However, I wish they would quit touting the idea that humans have had more than a minor impact on the process. I''m all for drastic carbon reduction, a petroleum-free society, and an energy infrastructure that doesn''t include coal-fired power plants. I''m sure everyone can agree that clean air is nicer to breathe! But global warming has nothing to do with the above-mentioned pollution control (don''t bother telling me that co2 is not a pollutant...that''s not the point).
Continued...
Posted by rf35
I agree. I''ve always been astounded by the population growth and how people support it. I think we should tax people for having children, not reward them. And while we''re at it, force them to attend child psychology classes and perform general intelligence and parenting skills test. All for additional fees of course.
That is the root of the problem and nobody wants to talk about it. Imagine what the employment, housing, food, water, traffic and pollution problems will look like in ten more years, just in this country.
2 Kids is ENOUGH! (Thanks CBS for allowing regular people to comment on the topics and stories of the day, unlike CNN or ABC where it has to be filtered through some coporate lackey to decide if he should put it on) Bite Me Jack Cafferty!!
Posted by singingrick at 03:10 PM : Mar 19, 2008
Exactly my sentiments also Rick.
Have a good one.
IMHO, the LACK of medical care in the past is a major contributing factor. As recently as the early 1900''s, it was not uncommon for children to die before reaching reproductive age. People would often have four or five children, hoping at least a couple would survive. According to the CDC, between 1915 and 1997 there was a 90% drop in infant mortality rates in America. Even in the best of time (no war, famine, epidemic disease), the infant mortality rate was around 20%. That''s just for children 1 year old. Add the ones that died later (up to the early teen years) and you can see that a large family was not really causing significant population growth. As you go further back in history, the mortality rates were even higher. People needed several children to ensure their genes were passed on. Having several children became a sort of %u201Ctradition.%u201D People simply haven%u2019t caught on to the fact that one or two kids will fulfill the genetic imperative to pass on their genes just fine.
Posted by shanev137 at 04:50 PM : Mar 19, 2008
..........
On that same note, either last year or the year before (if not multiple years) the cherry blossoms bloomed about a few weeks before the "Cherry Blossom Festival" got started in Washington DC. In fact, at the time of the festival, most of the cherry blossoms had already blown/fallen off of the trees! Now if that doesn''t speak to the irony of climate change/global warming! Honestly.
That is the root of the problem and nobody wants to talk about it. Imagine what the employment, housing, food, water, traffic and pollution problems will look like in ten more years, just in this country.
2 Kids is ENOUGH! (Thanks CBS for allowing regular people to comment on the topics and stories of the day, unlike CNN or ABC where it has to be filtered through some coporate lackey to decide if he should put it on) Bite Me Jack Cafferty!!
Posted by timdgrim at 04:18 PM : Mar 19, 2008
..............
I couldn''t agree more. Unfortunately, it is the religious radical wingnuts who feel otherwise. "Be fruitful and multiply" the bible says... and those folks sure follow that to the letter. Just ask Jim Bob Duggar!
www.duggarfamily.com
(It''s disgusting).
Just out of curiosity, why are you in favor of runaway population growth? Are you a Mormon?
Here%u2019s a simple bit of math. Not totally accurate, but this would give you an idea of what the world would be like if everyone agreed with you:
Approx. population today: 5.5 billion
Divided by 2 = 2.75 billion couples
Multiplied by 6 kids per couple = 16.5 billion kids.
Add the parents back in = 22 billion
I%u2019m not advocating mass suicides or randomly killing 4 billion current residents, just practicing a little reproductive responsibility. What%u2019s so wrong with that? I''d really like to understand your thinking on this.
This situation is world wide.
Here in South west Sydney,[Australia] where I lived until 7 years ago, an outer suburb named Picton, we always got our first winter frost in the last week of may, the last winter frost in the 3rd week of September.
This progressively changed till in 2002, we were getting our first frost in early july, and the last in the 3rd week of august.
As with the experience in your country, the flowering periods have come forward, and the deciduos trees are leafing considerably earlir.
In my previous I should have pointed out the period was from 1970 until 2002.
Posted by kevsan1 at 06:49 PM : Mar 19, 2008
...........
Just an FYI...
...global warming, (which many also call climate change), does not mean that it is "warm" all the time. Essentially, global warming is the term used for the changing of the climate from the normalcy that we once knew, to cycles of odd occurrences that become more and more frequent as the years go on. Tornadoes occurring in the winter in greater numbers and strength. Hurricanes occurring earlier in the spring. And yes, this also includes snow in March and 80 degree weather in November.
Taking a day (or two) snapshot of the weather in a particular part of the country and basing that on global warming, or not, is inaccurate and misleading. The climate cycles around the world is what makes the national headlines, not just snow in Michigan in March!
I wonder if kevsan can explain why the west antarctic ice shelf and greenland are melting?
The US population was 150 million in 1950, it now stands at over 305 million- more than DOUBLE in just 57 years, and this cannot continue indefinitely!
Just out of curiosity, why are you in favor of runaway population growth? Are you a Mormon?
Here%u2019s a simple bit of math. Not totally accurate, but this would give you an idea of what the world would be like if everyone agreed with you:
Approx. population today: 5.5 billion
Divided by 2 = 2.75 billion couples
Multiplied by 6 kids per couple = 16.5 billion kids.
Add the parents back in = 22 billion
I%u2019m not advocating mass suicides or randomly killing 4 billion current residents, just practicing a little reproductive responsibility. What%u2019s so wrong with that? I''''d really like to understand your thinking on this.
Posted by rf35 at 06:06 PM : Mar 19, 2008
YOU MAY NOT BE EXACTLY RIGHT, BUT YOU SURE ARE ON TO SOMETHING. SOMEHOW WE ARE GOING TO HAVE TO LIMIT THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE IF AT ALL POSSIBLE.
I''m GRATEFUL for global warming because it''ll reduce the number of deaths caused by cold winters, which, currently, far exceed the deaths caused by hot summers.
We need more global warming, not less, and should be doing everything we can to promote and accelerate global warming until the totals for cold and hot weather deaths are comparable.
That''s when our planet will have its ideal, optimum climate.
Right there is where this report lost all credibility.
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Posted by TheGateway1 at 05:22 AM : Mar 20, 2008
+ report abuse
Really? Can you give me a historical example as to when you conservatives have EVER been right about these things. I can''t find one. I can''t find anyone who even remembers what the Conservatives actually said about such things. Now honestly who do you believe folks? People who have NEVER been right or the Scientist who have been the vast majority of the time. If you have trouble with this question, dial up George W. Bush and his statements on Global Warming... that''ll convince you!! Sieg Heil Bush
Posted by Jeff1704 at 08:12 AM : Mar 20, 2008
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That is exactly what I have been saying. Global Warming is not about whether humans are (or can) effect climate change. Global Warming is about forcing other people to "do something" which is not in their best interests.
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Right there is where this report (once more) lost all credibility. The Nobel Peace Prize is not for science, but for political activities. The recipients were not scientists, but propagandists.
Why do you think that the proponents of Global Warming were so fast to accuse any scientist who disagreed with the Global Warming hypotheses of taking bribes? Could it be that the United Nations has been paying the IPCC for more than fifteen years to conclude that humans are causing global warming? The Nobel prize committee acknowledged that the IPCC was created to provide "authoritative" data proving that human activities are the cause of a (at that time) unproven phenomenon.
Of course the "scientists" from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change believe that people who claim to be scientists can be bribed. They have first-hand experience!
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by featuredplay
March 21, 2008 10:28 AM PDT
- Seems to me that worrying about this is awfully shortsighted. After all, if the "green-up" is coming eight hours earlier each year, everything will be back to normal in 3078. Don''t worry, be happy liberal doom and gloomist...
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