Jan. 2, 2008

Does Iowa Matter?

CBS' Kathy Frankovic: The Caucuses Can Provide A Bounce, But They Don't Always Point To The Eventual Nominee

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(CBS)  By Kathy Frankovic, CBS News director of surveys

Is there an “Iowa effect?”

In the last few weeks, the Iowa caucuses have received the saturation coverage usually reserved for the last weeks of a general election. But the race won’t end with the Iowa caucuses - not by a long shot. It is, after all, a contest for delegates - and on the Republican side, none are going to be allocated on Thursday, no matter who ostensibly “wins.” Delegate estimates can be made for the Democrats, but neither party will actually name their delegates to Minneapolis or Denver until the Iowa state conventions are held in June.

So, will what happens in Iowa determine the nominee? Does it even affect the next event in the process - the New Hampshire primary?

Historically, the answers are mixed. And in some circumstances a caucus runner-up benefits more than the winner.

Sometimes Iowa matters. In 1984, Gary Hart finished a distant second in Iowa, getting only about a third the number of votes as front-runner Walter Mondale. But Hart led the rest of the field, and there was a change in New Hampshire polls soon afterward. Prior to the 1984 caucuses, an ABC News tracking poll had given Hart just 13 percent support in New Hampshire, putting him behind both Mondale and John Glenn. In interviewing a week later, conducted over the three days just before the primary, Hart and Mondale were even at 30 percent - and in the interviews done on the very last night, Hart led Mondale 35 percent to 27 percent. Hart beat Mondale in New Hampshire by nine points on February 28; though Mondale became the eventual nominee.

Dick Gephardt’s Iowa victory in 1988 was no surprise, and neither was Paul Simon’s second place finish. They were Iowa neighbors: Gephardt from Missouri and Simon from Illinois. Massachusetts Governor Mike Dukakis finished third. Dukakis was already the New Hampshire front-runner (another case of being nice to your neighbors), a position he held after the caucuses, too. While Gephardt gained about 10 points in New Hampshire, he still ended up in second place there.

The Iowa bump can also be an Iowa dip. In 2004, John Kerry and John Edwards both moved up in New Hampshire tracking polls after their (respective) first and second place Iowa finishes. Howard Dean had been in first place in New Hampshire polls before Iowa, but his third-place finish there cost him support; he lost the New Hampshire primary and with it his hopes for the nomination. (Dean had actually started losing support in New Hampshire before the Iowa caucuses, but the drop continued afterward.)

On the Republican side, polls taken in New Hampshire in 1988, after the Iowa caucuses, showed Kansas Senator Bob Dole (another Iowa neighbor) gaining on George H.W. Bush, who had finished third in Iowa - behind not just Dole, but also televangelist Pat Robertson! A CBS News Poll showed Bush’s New Hampshire lead disappear temporarily: he had led Dole by 24 points before Iowa, but three days after the caucuses, Dole led by three points . However, Bush bounced back to a four point lead in the CBS News Poll right before New Hampshire’s primary day. It was a tough campaign, but Bush did win in New Hampshire - and by nearly 10 points.

In 2000, what happened in Iowa didn’t seem to directly affect the New Hampshire primary. Al Gore defeated Bill Bradley in Iowa by nearly two to one, but eight days later, he barely eked out a victory in New Hampshire. And even though John McCain finished fourth in the Iowa caucuses (behind George W. Bush, businessman Steve Forbes, and even Alan Keyes), he went on to beat Bush decisively in New Hampshire.

So will what happens in Iowa make a difference in New Hampshire? For the last two months, polls in Iowa have shown a tight three-way Democratic contest, with Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama and John Edwards fighting for the lead. The race could end that way, especially with the two-part Democratic process, in which supporters of candidates with low initial support reallocate themselves to more viable contenders. That’s not a typical outcome for Iowa. And without a clear winner, would anyone benefit? As for the Republican race, we’ve seen Mitt Romney‘s lead shrink as Mike Huckabee moved up, but recent polls suggest Huckabee slipping. Would a Romney win now help him defeat McCain in New Hampshire, or will McCain repeat his 2000 success there even without a strong finish in Iowa?

There’s no clear precedent - but at least 2008 will give us a new case study or two about the “Iowa effect!”

P.S. Unfortunately, the people of Iowa and New Hampshire have not benefited from what should have been a week of peace on earth (peace, that is, from polling). While CBS News abstained, eight other polling organizations released Iowa polls that included interviews conducted between December 26 and 31. However, only two organizations have done that in New Hampshire. And voters in the rest of the country, at least, have had a poll holiday.

© MMVIII, CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Add a Comment See all 26 Comments
by gunownerdan January 2, 2008 12:20 PM PST
The Clintons are members of the CFR(Council on Foreign Relations) just like Bush, Cheney, Obama, Giuliani, Huckabee, Edwards, Romney, Biden, McCain, Richardson, and Thompson to name a few.
The CFR has hijacked the foreign policy of both parties and their main goal is to destroy American sovereignty and our constitution leading to the formation of a North American Union with Canada and Mexico.
Dr. Ron Paul is NOT a member of the CFR and he is the only pro-peace and pro-liberty candidate running for president.
Reply to this comment
by apolloknowsa January 2, 2008 1:00 PM PST
Bring back Hillary?

You mean "Bring Back Corruption!"

Voting for Huckabee would be another vote for the Arkansas corruption machine. Judicial Watch wisely placed both Arkansas politicians in its top ten list of most corrupt politicians.

Huck is a very funny guy. He is a joke-a-minute with the one-liners, but we need a serious executive in the White House. We tried Bill Clinton''s aw shucks folksyness but in a post-9/11 world, we can''t afford to have a commander-in-chief like the Huckster who just last week, at a press conference APOLOGIZED for that assassination in Pakistan. I know that he misspoke, but a President can not make major guffaws like that! If he were the president and if he said that major blunder, our embassies would be attacked and US citizens would be in peril before he could issue a retraction.

Huck is not Presidential.

Huck likes to pardon murderers and thieves. Soft on Crime

Huck loves government programs and taxes.

Huck is not fiscally conservative at all.

Do not be fooled by his cutesy folksiness. The ''pastor'' did not even graduate from seminary.

Huck is not presidential.
Reply to this comment
by rowdytexan2 January 2, 2008 1:36 PM PST
Posted by gunownerdan at 12:20 PM : Jan 02, 2008

HOGWARSH! I have read all the negative and positive information I can find on Hillary and nothing in it eludes to this krap being true.
Reply to this comment
by oleander8 January 2, 2008 1:38 PM PST
The media is responsible for the Iowa circus atmosphere. Something like 2% of Iowan voters take part in this -- I don''t want them determining who my choices will be come next November. Back-off, to all the media.
Reply to this comment
by oleander8 January 2, 2008 1:39 PM PST
"Dr. Ron Paul is NOT a member of the CFR and he is the only pro-peace and pro-liberty candidate running for president." by gunownerdan

He''s also the only candidate that still believes in the tooth-fairy.
Reply to this comment
by jimbotag January 2, 2008 2:44 PM PST
What is Mr. Huckabee trying to do? while Romney is getting endorsements from the leading republican in Iowa, Huckabee has Chuck as his side kick? I guess it takes one to know one and being an evangelist he probably knows what will convince them to chose him first. What Iowa doesn''t realize is (those voting for Huck) is that Mike H. is running a negative campaign in front of them over and over again. "I don''t kick I choke"? isn''t calling someone dishonest and a liar an insult? is this not negative? Mike H. just keeps proving that he is so ill equipped for the office that its embarrassing. I want to know why did Mike H. pardon 12 murderers where at least one of them got out and raped and murder again? why doesn''t he respond to that? he calls it dishonest to bring this up what part exactly. Answer the question!

Iowa please look past religion and look at track record and potential.
Reply to this comment
by random_radar January 2, 2008 2:49 PM PST
If you believe that White Anglo Saxon Protestants should rule the world, then Iowa and New Hampshire were made for you.

If you believe anything else, then you should undermine the influence of Iowa and New Hampshire in the the political process.

Iowa and New Hampshire represent the political spectrum of 19th century America. But its a constituency that carries a lot of influence because they own a lot of property.
Reply to this comment
by random_radar January 2, 2008 3:00 PM PST
Interesting comment about Chuck Norris endorsing Mike Huckabee. Mr. Norris can endorse a candidate to promote his ideal independent of electability. Celebrities can say and do anything they want with minimal fear (even the Dixie Chicks made a come back).

On the other hand, when an elected official makes a political endorsement, they are putting their career on the line since a poor choice could cost them their office. When elected officials endorse Romney, they are making a carefully calculated commitment based upon what they think will really happen.

It doesn''t mean they are sure that person will win. Sometimes they endorse someone they don''t want to be on the bad side of if they did win. Romney would be a formidable president if elected, and quite a few people in public office want to be on the right side.

The fact that many politicians have endorsed Romney tells you something important about what they percieve about the elections. Ordinary folks are not as important as they are taught. Pulling the voting machine lever is not the same as pulling the levers of power.

The bottom line is that Romney is a very cunning and influential person in the world. Yes, being in the CFR is a prerequisite to power. Being wealthy and well connected is important. Projecting the right image to voters is necessary. But being a true man of the people who will fight against privilege and power is the death knell of any political campaign.

President Romney: get used to it.
Reply to this comment
by mike71067 January 2, 2008 4:15 PM PST
"Bring Back Hillary, Bring Back the Economy!!! Go Clintons ''''08!!!! :-)"
-Posted by metroduck75 at 12:52 PM : Jan 02, 2008

Not to shock you, but the consensus among economists is that the economic state of the 90''s was due to the internet boom, not anything Bill Clinton did.
Reply to this comment
by jsilver2th January 2, 2008 4:17 PM PST
I''ll predict:
IOWA- Edwards & Huckabee
NH- Clinton & McCain

"Anything Could Happen In Iowa
Jeff Greenfield tells Harry Smith that this is the first presidential race he can remember where nobody could predict the outcome for either party."
Reply to this comment
by jsilver2th January 2, 2008 4:19 PM PST
"many politicians have endorsed Romney"
not really oustide of the LDS beltway-
Oh there''s Larry Craig- oh but like I said the LDS beltway includes Idaho for sure...
Reply to this comment
by wfbdem January 2, 2008 5:01 PM PST
Seriously, why do these tiny, backwater states even matter?
A bunch of white farmers in Iowa have the pulse of America? This is a sick joke right

Change the system: Have California, New York, Florida, Texas, and then Michigan or Illinois in the first week of primaries. ( I do not live in any of these.) Then have 5 a week, one from each region, roughly, a week afterwords.
Why can two tiny, non-representive of the rest of the nation, make or break a candidicy? By the time I get to vote, it will be decided. Most people live in the 5 states I named. Have the polls open all week, with th eresults released on Saturday. From there you will have a much better, and more accurate numbers, per party.
Reply to this comment
by slpdisk January 2, 2008 5:02 PM PST
WHO IS RON PAUL?
Reply to this comment
by scottyusa January 2, 2008 5:41 PM PST
No offense to Iowans but there opinions will not change mine one iota. The coverage of the media can be decribed as a "frenzy" trying to make it more important then it really is. I also note much more coverage on the democrats vice the republicans but that is no surprise.
Reply to this comment
by lawyertom1 January 2, 2008 6:04 PM PST
In politics, Iowa matters. The questions is: Should it matter? Not really. It is unrepresentative of the nation, and its caucus system is bizarre.
Reply to this comment
by inventagod January 2, 2008 6:23 PM PST

The only thing that matters is where the decimal point lands on the check to Diebold.
Reply to this comment
by random_radar January 2, 2008 6:47 PM PST
"WHO IS RON PAUL?

Posted by Slpdisk at 05:02 PM : Jan 02, 2008"

The first presidential candidate who cares about the constitution and your personal liberty since 1828. If you want to be free, you will vote for Ron Paul. If you like being a slave in the current totalitarian tyranny, any other candidate will do the job.
Reply to this comment
by cs4466 January 3, 2008 1:09 AM PST
Hillary ''08! WOOHOO!!
Reply to this comment
by samthetvcat January 3, 2008 1:44 AM PST
Even though a lot of us don''t feel like Iowa is really representative of the country as a whole, it does seem like the perception that attaches to coming in third (even if the percentages are like 34% to 33% to 32%) might still be lethal to the candidate who unfortunately ends up in that spot.

If it''s Clinton, people will question how electable can she be if she couldn''t even beat the two nice younger guys, even when she had the advantage of an experienced organizational machine.

If it''s Obama, people will question whether people are ready to elect a black president (fair or not) or whether the general public is too skeptical to take a chance on hope.

If it''s Edwards, people will conclude that if he couldn''t even win in a state he''s been cultivating for 4 years how''s he going to carry the states where his populist message doesn''t play well, especially if he doesn''t have the $ to compete with Obama and Hillary.

I don''t know if it''s really fair or accurate to make those conclusions, but that''s just my gut feeling about how people judge competitions.

I don''t know though . . .
Reply to this comment
by samthetvcat January 3, 2008 1:48 AM PST
Also, doesn''t it seem like there''ll be messages which''ll attach to whoever wins too?

If it''s Hillary, people will think omg she''s an unstoppable machine (very intimidating!)

If it''s Barack, people will think omg maybe we CAN dare to hope (lots of excitement!)

If it''s Edwards, poeple will think omg wow he took down the powerhouses, maybe he CAN take on the big corporations and get results (roars from the crowd!)
Reply to this comment
by brianbwb-2009 January 3, 2008 5:32 AM PST
Posted by THEmagic07

I also refused, and to this day continue to refuse to say a pledge of allegiance to a piece of cloth representing a false concept, and catering to people who regard me and mine as lesser humans.

As to the other reasons, all the other candidates are just as guilty, except for the religious angle, which is not only totally irrelevant, but also the product of a complete lack of education.

Face it, you are simply afraid that a N word might become Mr. President N word. It would be a relief if we could hear, just once, you racist cowards quit hiding behind lame excuses, outright lies, and uneducated speculation.

Just tell the truth, that you are not ready to deal with "Mr. President N word"...
Reply to this comment
by ioweign January 3, 2008 6:26 AM PST
In politics, Iowa matters. The questions is: Should it matter? Not really. It is unrepresentative of the nation, and its caucus system is bizarre.



Posted by LawyerTom1 at 06:04 PM : Jan 02, 2008




And the Electoral College is "State of the Art" - right !


There is a saying "If it works, don''t mess with it !"



Reply to this comment
by novate2001 January 3, 2008 9:05 AM PST
I just don''t get it. Iowa has 7 electoral votes and New Hampshire has 3 and yet the media as well as the rest of us buy in to these two states ruling the roost. Personally, I put more stock on the next round of primaries when more States get into the frey.
Reply to this comment
by wfbdem January 3, 2008 6:55 PM PST
Seriously, why do these tiny, backwater states even matter?
A bunch of white farmers in Iowa have the pulse of America? This is a sick joke right

Change the system: Have California, New York, Florida, Texas, and then Michigan or Illinois in the first week of primaries. ( I do not live in any of these.) Then have 5 a week, one from each region, roughly, a week afterwords.
Why can two tiny, non-representive of the rest of the nation, make or break a candidicy? By the time I get to vote, it will be decided. Most people live in the 5 states I named. Have the polls open all week, with th eresults released on Saturday. From there you will have a much better, and more accurate numbers, per party.
Reply to this comment
by usakousagi January 3, 2008 8:11 PM PST
The first presidential candidate who cares about the constitution and your personal liberty since 1828. If you want to be free, you will vote for Ron Paul. If you like being a slave in the current totalitarian tyranny, any other candidate will do the job.
Posted by random_radar

Can someone please please post more info about this guy??? All I know is that people say to vote him he accepts donations from white supremists and that my neighbors with the confederate flag flying high in their front yard now have a big Vote for Ron Paul poster to go along with it... With that info in hand there''s no way in hell I''d vote for him
Reply to this comment
by quetzal666 January 4, 2008 12:12 PM PST
where is Iowa???

who cares???
Reply to this comment
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