
Mali

(CBS)
When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, what formerly made up the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali.
Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close in 1991 by a coup that ushered in democratic government.
President Alpha Konare won Mali's first democratic presidential election in 1992 and was reelected in 1997.
In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, Konare stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou Toure.
Source: CIA World Fact Book

(AP)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 48.2% (male 2,921,914/female 2,853,976) 15-64 years: 48.8% (male 2,891,494/female 2,959,142) 65 years and over: 3.1% (male 149,301/female 219,575) (2007 est.)
Median age: total: 15.9 years male: 15.4 years female: 16.3 years (2007 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.681% (2007 est.)
Birth rate: 49.61 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Death rate: 16.51 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Net migration rate: -6.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.024 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.977 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.988 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 105.65 deaths/1,000 live births male: 115.29 deaths/1,000 live births female: 95.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 49.51 years male: 47.6 years female: 51.46 years (2007 est.)
Total fertility rate: 7.38 children born/woman (2007 est.) HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 1.9% (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 140,000 (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 12,000 (2003 est.)
Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria is a high risk in some locations water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2007)
Nationality: noun: Malian(s) adjective: Malian
Ethnic groups: Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%
Religions: Muslim 90%, Christian 1%, indigenous beliefs 9%
Languages: French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 46.4% male: 53.5% female: 39.6% (2003 est.)

(AP)
GDP (purchasing power parity): $14.77 billion (2006 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate): $5.847 billion (2006 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 5.1% (2006 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP): $1,300 (2006 est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 45% industry: 17% services: 38% (2001 est.)
Labor force: 3.93 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 80% industry and services: 20% (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate: 14.6% (2001 est.)
Population below poverty line: 64% (2001 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 1.8% highest 10%: 40.4% (1994)
Distribution of family income - Gini index: 50.5 (1994)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.5% (2002 est.)
Budget: revenues: $764 million expenditures: $828 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products: cotton, millet, rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts; cattle, sheep, goats
Industries: food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining
Industrial production growth rate: NA%
Electricity - production: 410 million kWh (2004)
Electricity - consumption: 381.3 million kWh (2004)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh; note - recent hydropower developments may be providing electricity to Senegal and Mauritania (2004)
Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2004)
Oil - production: 0 bbl/day (2004 est.)
Oil - consumption: 4,300 bbl/day (2004 est.)
Oil - exports: NA bbl/day
Oil - imports: NA bbl/day
Oil - proved reserves: 0 bbl
Natural gas - production: 0 cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - consumption: 0 cu m (2004 est.)
Exports: $323 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Exports - commodities: cotton, gold, livestock
Exports - partners: China 36.1%, Thailand 9.5%, Bangladesh 5.4%, Australia 5.1% (2006)
Imports: $1.858 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Imports - commodities: petroleum, machinery and equipment, construction materials, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - partners: Senegal 13.8%, France 12.6%, Cote d'Ivoire 10.2% (2006)
Debt - external: $2.8 billion (2002)
Economic aid - recipient: $472.1 million (2002)
Currency (code): Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Exchange rates: Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 522.59 (2006), 527.47 (2005), 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003), 696.99 (2002)
Fiscal year: calendar year
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