February 11, 2009 5:15 PM

What Exactly Is "Black Enough"?

By
Caitlin A. Johnson
(CBS)  Sunday Morning commentator Nancy Giles wonders what it means to be "black enough." Is blackness defined by how you talk or by where you grew up? Or by other people's stereotypes?


Is presidential candidate Barack Obama "black enough?" And does he appeal to white voters because he's only half "black?" And does his B.A. from Columbia and his Harvard law degree somehow make him "too white?"

And since his father was African and Barack Obama grew up with his white mother in Hawaii and Indonesia before moving back to the States, does that mean that he can't relate to the authentic African-American experience, and that black Americans would do better to vote for someone who truly relates to our unique history, like Hillary Clinton or Rudy Giuliani?

What does "not black enough" mean, anyway? Are you more black if you grew up in an all-black neighborhood, and less black if you grew up around a mix of cultures? Is hair part of the equation? If it's natural, does that make you more black? Then where does that leave Al Sharpton, or most of the black girl singers on the planet?

Is blackness measured in percentages, so that any white person in one's gene pool dilutes one's purity? So if you're half-black, you're mulatto; one-quarter black: a quadroon, one-eighth black: an octoroon? Do we really want to go back to that time in our history? And what about our natural talents at music, rhythm and athletics? I'm tall, but I've never been good at basketball. Where do I fit in?

Who knows? I've been told for years I don't sound black. Kids in school said I talked white. I've always been black and I've always talked like this. What they really meant was that I didn't sound like the stereotype that they were used to. But if sounding black means speaking one specific way, would Martin Luther King have been accused of sounding white? Would his speech have been more authentic if he "axed" us to march on Washington in 1963 to hear his famous "I Be Havin' A Dream" speech?

In his keynote speech at the 2004 Democratic National Convention, Barack Obama spoke about the struggles of family life in the inner-city. "Children can't achieve unless we raise their expectations and turn off the television sets and eradicate the slander that says a black youth with a book is acting white," he said.

"Acting white"? It's time to stop the "divide and conquer" speak and acknowledge that we can come from different places and still share something unique. "Black enough?" Black enough for what?

Copyright 2009 CBS. All rights reserved.
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by michellem99-2009 March 8, 2007 5:01 AM EST
I guess I am lucky to not be able to see the skin colour of a person as really it don't matter or should not today. I am white. The fact is we bleed same colour blood. I am not sure who I will vote for. Race/gender won't play a part in it. This is the first time I will be able to follow race to the White House on-line. The platform is the issue.Who is best to lead this nation.
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by poguet March 6, 2007 2:44 PM EST
I would agree that color doesn't matter. As a 6th grade teacher with a cultural mix of students, I try to help students be very accepting and tolerant of others. They know that color is not supposed to matter. Once they leave me though, factors in the community often undo the progress I have made with them.
The bigger division that I see is socioeconomic. I have several black students who are low performers, but just as many white students. The common factor is that they are poor. Many are from families where mom works odd hours and isn't home to help them with homework. Also, many of these parents didn't finish high school. Now, we are teaching 8th grade math to 6th graders and many of these parents don't know how to help when they are home.
No matter how hard we work to close the racial and socioeconomic gaps, our government has decided in its infinite wisdom to single out students that fit in these categories. Our funding and performance are determined on how these particular students do on state tests. While I want all of my students to do well, I have a problem with the way they are profiled. Students they are identified by race, economic status, and/or special needs. They are further identified as those who have a chance at passing the test and those who do not. This is an atrocity to our education system, but what other choice do we have when public schools are being taken over by the government because these identified groups didn't pass?
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by vulcan1956 March 5, 2007 10:28 PM EST
he has my vote
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by jjreding-2009 March 5, 2007 8:28 PM EST
What really worries me is that people will vote colour or gender, rather than issues in this coming election. It doesn't matter if Barack Obama is black, white or pink, and it doesn't matter if Hillary Clinton is female, male or transgendered - what MATTERS is that one or the other (or some other candidate) will be the one who will be able to start our country's long slog back to respectability in the world. People pay way too much attention to minority status.
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by cmp271 March 5, 2007 7:21 PM EST
Thank you Barak Obama, maybe now the english language has a chance to survive in the "hood." Blacks keep themselves down by not speaking right,maybe now they will realize, I need to speak right so I can also get ahead!!!
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by mpapmm March 5, 2007 4:01 PM EST
Hurray Nancy!! I could jump up and kiss you!!!

I was so happy to hear your comments!! Is Derek Jeter black enough to play baseball? Is Halle Berry black enough to win an Oscar? Is Mariah Carrey black enough to sell millions of records? All of them are of mixed heritage. What's the big deal??? Why can't we all be Americans first, then embrace our heritage be it Italian, Asian, African, Brazilian second? Or the mix as it is more likely to be these days. Why does color have to matter?

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by clemenhagen1 March 5, 2007 3:18 PM EST
"After all, Republicans only gave you the freedom to be just like every American. But that's not enough I guess."

Nice try Jebby, but this doesn't fly with anyone who knows anything about recent history. Does anybody really want to argue that George W. Bush gives a *** about the issues of minorities? Really? In the wake of Katrina? Right. And please spare me the "Republicans gave you freedom" line. Neither party - no party, can make that claim. People of all political persuasions, religious affiliations, racial and ethnic backgrounds, and regional upbringings fought and died for this country. Democratic presidents led this country through the major 20th Century wars (Wilson, Roosevelt, Truman, Kennedy, Johnson, etc.). Save your historical oversimplifications for arguing Reagan deserves a coin or a spot on Mt. Rushmore. Or perhaps put your thoughts on a bumper sticker that fits with the rest of the todays right-wing sound byte politics.
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by vancouverboo March 5, 2007 3:15 PM EST
Since he has 100% of the black vote in hig bag, regardless - it doesn't take a rocket scientist to know what racist blacks are at the polls - the man can direct all his attention to getting the white vote, saying all those things the whites want to hear.
The rest the pack has to pander to the black in hopes of getting some of their votes - futile dream that is - and risk charges of speaking with a forked tongue.
What a joke.
The only thing we can know for certain is that they are all lying, trying to figure out what we want to hear, and that when it's over, whoever wins, it will be a Rich Peoples President.
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by jebby_one March 5, 2007 2:14 PM EST
well, the first criteria for being black enough is be a Democrat. Then you have to praises the Democrats about how much they have given to the Black people and thank them over and over. Then you have to point out how still they haven't given quite enough and they have to give more.
Then you have to forget about how the Democrats facilitated slavery and when they could no longer own slaves they replaced slavery with separate but not equal laws that institutionalized black people as 3rd class citizens.


Then you have to point at Republicans and call them racist and Nazis.

After all, Republicans only gave you the freedom to be just like every American. But that's not enough I guess.



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by kaliveotin March 5, 2007 9:40 AM EST
Is the author being rascist when she implies that whites are impure?
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