      
By William Harwood
Editor's Note...
Changes and additions:
Editor's Note...
Demographics......TMA-12......124 Total Fliers.........477......482 Nations...............35......35 Male.................428......432 Female................49......50 Total Tickets......1,055......1,062 United States........304......308 United States men....264......267 United States Women...40......41 USSR..................72......72 USSR Men..............70......70 USSR Women.............2......2 CIS...................31......31 CIS Men...............30......30 CIS Women..............1......1 Non US/Russian........70......71 Men...................64......65 Women..................6......6 Men with 7 flights.....2......2 Men with 6 flights.....6......6 Women/6................0......0 Men/5.................14......14 Women/5................6......6 Men/4.................57......57 Women/4................6......6 Men/3.................65......66 Women/3................6......6 All/2................125......125 All/1................190......194 U.S./RUSSIAN ENDURANCE RECORDS
Editor's Note...
Single Flight Individual Records:
NAME..................DAYS.....FLIGHT Valery Polyakov.......438......Mir-17 C. Walz/D. Bursch.....196......ISS-4Cumulative Records: Name...................Days in space/Flights Sergei Krikalev........803/6 Sergei Avdeyev.........748/3 Valery Polyakov........679/2 Anatoly Solovyev.......652/5 Alexander Kaleri.......611/4/ Victor Afanasyev.......556/4 Yury Usachev...........553/4 Musa Manarov...........541/2 Alexander Viktorenko...489/4 Nikolai Budarin........446/3 Yuri Romanenko.........430/3 Alexander Volkov.......392/3 Yury Onufrienko........389/2 Vladimir Titov.........387/4 Gennady Padalka........387/2 Vasily Tsibliev........383/2 Valery Korzun..........382/2 Pavel Vinogradov.......381/2 Leonid Kizim...........375/3 Mike Foale.............374/6 Alexander Serebrov.....374/4 Valery Ryumin..........372/4 Vladimir Solovyev......362/2 Mikhail Tyurin.........344/2 Talgat Musabayev.......342/3 Vladimir Lyakhov.......333/3 PHASE ONE MIR MISSIONS AND FLIGHT DURATIONS
ASTRONAUT.......UP....DATE (GMT)..DOWN....DATE (GMT).DAYS....MIR CREW.......STATUS Norm Thagard....SOY...03/14/95....71......07/07/95...115.4...Mir-18.........Complete Shannon Lucid...76....03/22/96....79......09/26/96...188.2...Mir-21/22......Complete John Blaha......79....09/16/96....81......01/22/97...128.2...Mir-22.........Complete Jerry Linenger..81....01/12/97....84......05/24/97...132.2...Mir-22/23......Complete Mike Foale......84....05/15/97....86......10/06/97...144.6...Mir-23/24......Complete David Wolf......86....09/26/97....89......01/31/98...127.8...Mir-24/25......Complete Andrew Thomas...89....01/22/98....91......06/12/98...140.6...Mir-25.........Complete TOTAL U.S. PHASE ONE TIME IN SPACE..................977 days Flight...Launch........Landing.....Duration .........CDR...........FE..........FE/SO ISS-1....10/31/00......03/18/01....136/17:09 .........Shepherd......Gidzenko....Krikalev ISS-2....03/08/01......08/20/01....147/16:43 .........Usachev.......Helms.......Voss ISS-3....08/10/01......12/15/01....117/02:56 .........Culbertson....Dezhurov....Tyurin ISS-4....12/05/01......06/15/02....181/00:44 .........Onufrienko....Bursch......Walz ISS-5....06/05/02......12/02/02....171/03:33 .........Korzun........Whitson.....Treschev ISS-6....11/23/02......05/03/03....161/01:17 .........Bowersox......Budarin.....Pettit ISS-7....04/25/03......10/27/03....184/21:47 .........Malenchenko...Lu..........N/A ISS-8....10/18/03......04/29/04....194/18:35 .........Foale.........Kaleri......N/A ISS-9....04/18/04......10/23/04....187/21:17 .........Padalka.......Fincke......N/A ISS-10...10/13/04......04/24/05....192/19:02 .........Chiao.........Sharipov....N/A ISS-11...04/14/05......10/10/05....179/00:23 .........Krikalev......Phillips....N/A ISS-12...09/27/05......04/08/06....189/19:53 .........McArthur......Tokarev.....N/A ISS-13...03/30/06......09/28/06....182/22:44 .........Vinogradov....Williams....Reiter ISS-14...09/18/06......04/20/07....215/08:23 .........Lopez-Alegria.Tyurin......Various ISS-15...04/07/07......10/21/07....196/17:5 .........Yurchikhin....Kotov.......Various ISS-16...10/10/07......TBD.........TBD .........Whitson.......Malenchenko.Various ISS-17...04/08/08......TBD.........TBD .........Volkov........Kononenko...Various * The Columbia disaster 2/1/03, during the ISS-6 increment, forced an ISS crew size reduction. SPACEWALK DATA
Editor's Note...
GENERAL EVA STATS (through ISS-16)
.....Expedition EVAs.....................HH....MM
0....Expedition 1........................00....00
1....Expedition 2................2001....00....19
4....Expedition 3................2001....18....40
3....Expedition 4...........2001-2002....17....49
2....Expedition 5................2002....09....46
2....Expedition 6................2003....13....17
0....Expedition 7........................00....00
1....Expedition 8................2004....03....55
4....Expedition 9................2004....15....45
2....Expedition 10..........2004-2005....09....58
1....Expedition 11...............2005....04....58
2....Expedition 12..........2005-2006....11....05
2....Expedition 13...............2006....12....25
5....Expedition 14..........2006-2007....33....42
3....Expedition 15...............2007....18....43
5....Expedition 16..........2007-2008....35....21
0....Expedition 17...............2008....00....00
37...TOTAL ISS Expedition EVA Time......205....43
28...Total STS-based ISS EVAs...........187...020
80...Total ISS-based ISS/STS EVAs.......498...50
.....Shortest ISS EVA (U.S. record)......00...25
.....Longest STS EVA (STS-102)...........08...56
.....Shortest STS EVA (STS-41C)..........03...05
.....Most STS EVA time (STS-109).........35...55
.....Gemini Program......................11...35
.....Apollo Program.....................166...39
.....Skylab Program......................83...15
============================================================
SPACEWALK ENDURANCE RECORDS
.....Astronaut/Cosmonaut.......EVAs.HH...MM
1...Anatoly Solovyov...........16...82...22
2...Mike Lopez-Alegria.........10...67...40
3...Jerry Ross..................9...58...32
4...Steven Smith................7...49...48
5...Scott Parazynski............7...47...05
6...Joe Tanner..................7...46...29
7...Robert Curbeam..............7...45...34
8...Nikolai Budarin.............8...44...25
9...James Newman................6...43...13
10...Yuri Onufrienko............8...42...33
11...Richard Linnehan...........6...42...23
12...Talgat Musabayev...........7...41...13
13...Piers Sellers..............6...41...10
14...Sergei Krikalev............8...41...08
15...Sergei Avdeyev.............8...41...00
16...Peggy Whitson..............6...39...46
17...Dan Tani...................6...39...11
18...Victor Afanaseyev..........7...38...04
19...John Grunsfeld.............5...37...32
20...Vladimir Dezhurov..........9...37...02
21...Rex Walheim................5...36...23
22...Leroy Chiao................6...36...04
23...Musa Manarov...............7...34...03
24...Anatoli Artsebarsky........6...31...58
25...Alexander Serebrov........10...31...49
26...Vladimir Solovyov..........8...31...38
27...Leonid Kizim...............8...31...38
28...James Reilly...............5...30...43
29...Yury Usachev...............6...30...31
30...Tom Akers..................4...29...40
============================================================
SPACE STATION EVA STATS
#...Mission.....EVA Date...HH...MM...NOTES
3...STS-88......12/07/98...07...21...ISS-2A: Node 1 connection to Zarya
(Ross, Newman)
................12/09/98...07...02...ISS-2A
................12/12/98...06...59...ISS-2A
.....................................STS-88 TOTAL: 21:22
1...STS-96......05/29/99...07...55...ISS-2A.1: Station outfitting
(Jernigan, Barry)
1...STS-101.....05/21/00...06...44...ISS-2A.2a: Station outfitting
(Voss, Williams)
1...STS-106.....09/11/00...06...14...ISS-2A.2b: Zvezda connections
(Lu, Malenchenko)
4...STS-92......10/15/00...06...28...ISS-3A: Z1, PMA-3 (Chiao, McArthur)
................10/16/00...07...07...ISS-3A (Wisoff, Lopez-Alegria)
................10/17/00...06...48...ISS-3A (Chiao, McArthur)
................10/18/00...06...56...ISS-3A (Wisoff, Lopez-Alegria)
.....................................STS-92 TOTAL: 27:19
3...STS-97......12/04/00...07...33...ISS-4A: P6 solar array truss
(Tanner, Noriega)
................12/05/00...06...37...ISS-4A
................12/07/00...05...10...ISS-4A
.....................................STS-97 TOTAL: 19:20
3...STS-98......02/10/01...07...33...ISS-5A: Destiny lab module
(Jones, Curbeam)
................02/12/01...06...50...ISS-5A
................02/14/01...05...25...ISS-5A
.....................................STS-98 TOTAL: 19:48
2...STS-102.....03/11/01...08...55...ISS-5A.1: Station outfitting
(Voss and Helms)
................03/13/01...06...21...ISS-5A.1 (Thomas and Richards)
.....................................STS-102 TOTAL: 15:16
2...STS-100.....04/22/01...07...10...ISS-6A: SSRMS installation
(Hadfield, Parazynski)
................04/24/01...07...40...ISS-6A
.....................................STS-100 TOTAL: 14:50
1...ISS-1/E2....06/08/01...00...19...E2 crew: Zvezda hatch move
(Usachev, Voss)
2...STS-104.....07/14/01...05...59...ISS-7A: Joint airlock
(Gernhardt, Reilly)
................07/17/01...06...26...ISS-7A
.....................................STS-104 TOTAL: 12:45
1...ISS-2/7A....07/20/01...04...01...ISS-7A/Quest 0
(conducted from new airlock)
2...STS-105.....08/16/01...06...16...ISS-7A.1: Ammonia servicer; MISSE
(Barry, Forrester)
................08/18/01...05...29...ISS-7A.1
.....................................STS-105 TOTAL: 15:47
1...ISS-3/E3....10/08/01...04...58...E3 crew: Pirs module outfitting
(Dezhurov and Tyurin)
1...ISS-4/E3....10/15/01...05...52...E3 crew: Experiments
(Dezhurov and Tyurin)
1...ISS-5/E3....11/12/01...05...04...E3 crew: Pirs outfitting
(Culbertson and Dezhurov)
1...ISS-6/E3....12/03/01...02...46....E3 crew: Debris removal
(Dezhurov and Tyurin)
.....................................ISS/E3 TOTAL: 18:40
1...STS-108.....12/10/01...04...12...ISS-UF1: P6 blanket installation
(Godwin and Tani)
1...ISS-7/E4....01/14/02...06...03...E4 crew: Strela relocation
(Onufrienko and Walz)
1...ISS-8/E4....01/25/02...05...59...E4 crew: Plume deflectors
(Onufrienko and Bursch)
1...ISS-9/E4....02/20/02...05...47...E4/Quest 1: 8A get-ahead tasks
(Walz and Bursch)
.....................................ISS/E4 TOTAL: 17:49
4...ISS-10/8A...04/11/02...07...48...ISS-8A/Quest 2: S0 installation
(Smith and Walheim)
....ISS-11/8A...04/13/02...07...30...ISS-8A/Quest 3: S0 installation
(Ross and Morin)
....ISS-12/8A...04/14/02...06...27...ISS-8A/Quest 4: SSRMS config
(Smith and Walheim)
....ISS-13/8A...04/16/02...06...37...ISS-8A/Quest 5: Get-ahead
(Ross and Morin)
.....................................STS-110 TOTAL: 28:22
3...ISS-14 UF2...01/01/04...07...14..ISS-UF2/Quest 7
(Chang-D and Perrin)
....ISS-15 UF2...01/01/04...05...00..ISS-UF2/Quest 8:
(Chang-Diaz and Perrin)
....ISS-16 UF2...01/01/04...07...16..ISS-UF2/Quest 9: SSRMS joint
(Chang-D and Perrin)
.....................................STS-111 TOTAL: 19:30
1...ISS-17 (E5).08/16/02...04...25...E5 crew: SM debris shields
(Korzun, Whitson)
1...ISS-18 (E5).08/23/02...05...21...E5 crew: Ham antennas, handrails
(Korzun, Treschev)
.....................................ISS/E5 TOTAL: 09:46
3...ISS-19 (9A)..10/10/02...07...01..ISS-9A/Quest 10: S1 installation
(Wolf and Sellers)
....ISS-20 (9A)..10/12/02...06...04..ISS-9A/Quest 11: Wolf and Sellers
....ISS-21 (9A)..10/14/02...06...36..ISS-9A/Quest 12: Wolf and Sellars
.....................................STS-112 TOTAL: 19:41
3...ISS-22 (11A)..11/26/02..06...45..ISS-11A/Quest 13: P1 installation
....ISS-21.(11A)..11/28/02..06...10..ISS-11A/Q 14: Lopez-A, Herrington
....ISS-22.(11A)..11/30/02..07...00..ISS-11A/Q 15: Lopez-A, Herrington
.....................................STS-113 TOTAL: 19:55
2...ISS-25 (E6)...01/15/03..06...51..E6 crew/Quest 16: Truss preps
(Bowersox, Pettit)
....ISS-26 (E6)...04/08/03..06...26..E6 crew/Quest 17: Miscellaneous
(Bowersox, Pettit)
.....................................ISS/E6 TOTAL: 13:17
1...ISS-27 (E8)...02/26/04..03...55..E8 crew: Exp. swaps; early end
(Foale, Kaleri)
4...ISS-28 (E9)...06/24/04..00...14..E9 crew: Abort due to O2 leak
(Padalka, Fincke)
....ISS-29 (E9)...06/30/04..05...40..E9 crew: RPCM replacement
....ISS-30 (E9)...08/03/04..04...30..E9 crew: ATV preps; exp/ swaps
....ISS-31 (E9)...09/03/04..05...21..E9 crew: Zarya valve R&R; ATV preps
.....................................ISS/E9 TOTAL: 15:45
2...ISS-32 (E10)..01/26/05..05...28..E10 crew: Work platform; rockviss
(Chiao, Sharipov)
....ISS-33 (E10)..03/28/05..04...30..E10 crew: WAL/GPS antennas; minisat
.....................................ISS/E10 TOTAL: 09:58
3...STS-114.......07/30/05..06...50..ULF-1: TPS repair DTO (Robinson, Noguchi)
....STS-114.......08/01/05..07...14..ULF-1: CMG R&R
....STS-114.......08/03/05..06...01..ULF-1: ESPAD installation
.....................................STS-114 TOTAL: 20:05
1...ISS-34 (E11)...8/18/05..04...58..Experiment swap outs (Krikalev, Phillips)
.....................................ISS/E11 TOTAL: 4:58
2...ISS-35 (E12)..11/7/05...05...22..P1 TV camera; FPP jettison (McArthur, Tokarev)
....ISS-36 (E12)..02/3/06...05...43..Suitsat deploy; TUS cable safing, Biorisk
.....................................ISS/E12 TOTAL: 11:05
1...ISS-37 (E13)..06/01/06...06...31..Elektron fix; MBS cam R&R (Vinogradov, Williams)
.....................................ISS/E13 TOTAL: 6:31
3...ISS-38 (121)..07/08/06...07...31..ULF-1.1/Quest 19: OBSS eval (Sellers. Fossum)
...ISS-39 (121)...07/10/06...06...47..ULF-1.1/Quest 20: TUS/IUA repair
...ISS-40 (121)...07/12/06...07...11..ULF-1.1/Quest 21: TCC repair evals
......................................STS-121 TOTAL: 21:29
1...ISS-41 (E13)..08/03/06...05...54..E13/Quest 22: Radiator work (Williams, Reiter)
......................................ISS/E13 TOTAL: 12:25
3...ISS-42 (12A)..09/12/06...06...26..12A/Quest 23: P3/P4 attach (Tanner, Piper)
...ISS-43 (12A)...09/13/06...07...11..12A/Quest 24: P3/P4 setjup (MacLean, Burbank)
...ISS-44 (12A)...09/15/06...06...42..12A/Quest 25: S-band, Ku shroud (Tanner, Piper)
......................................STS-115 TOTAL: 20:19
4...ISS-46/12A.1..12/12/06...06...36..12A.1/Quest 26: P5 install (Curbeam/Fuglesang)
....ISS-47/12A.1..12/14/06...05...00..12A.1/Quest 27: Channel 2/3 rewiring (same)
....ISS-48/12A.1..12/16/06...07...31..12A.1/Quest 28: Channel 1/4 (Curbeam/Williams)
....ISS-49/12A.1..12/18/06...06...38..12A.1/Quest 29: P6/4B retract (Curbeam/Fuglesang)
......................................12A.1 TOTAL: 25:45
1...ISS-50 (E14)..01/31/07...07...55...E14/Q30: EATCS loop A (Lopez-Alegria/Williams)
1...ISS-51 (E14)..02/04/07...07...11...E14/Q31: EATCS loop B (Lopez-Alegria/Williams)
1...ISS-52 (E14)..02/08/07...06...40...E14/Q32: P3 shrouds (Lopez-Alegria/Williams)
1...ISS-53 (E14)..02/22/07...06...18...E14/Pirs: Progress antenna (Tyurin/Lopez-Alegria)
.......................................ISS/E14 TOTAL (5 EVAs): 33:42
1...ISS-54 (E15)..05/30/07...05...25...E15/Pirs: 5 SMDPs; GPS relocate (Yurchikhin/Kotov)
1...ISS-55 (E15)..06/06/07...05...37...E15/Pirs: 12 SMDPs; LAN cable (Yurchikhin/Kotov)
4..ISS-56 (13A)...06/11/07...06...15...13A/Q33: S3/S4 install (Reilly/Olivas)
...ISS-57 (13A)...06/13/07...07...16...13A/Q34: S3/S4 config (Swanson/Forrester)
...ISS-58 (13A)...06/15/07...07...58...13A/Q35: Various (Reilly/Olivas)
...ISS-59 (13A)...06/17/07...06...29...13A/Q36: S3 SARJ activation (Swanson/Forrester)
.......................................STS-117/ISS-13A TOTAL: 27:58
1...ISS-60 (E15)..07/23/07...07...41...E15/Q37: EAS/FSE jett; RPCM (Anderson/Yurchikhin)
4..ISS-61 (13A.1).08/11/07...06...17...13A.1/Q38: S5 install (Mastracchio/D. Williams)
...ISS-62 (13A.1).08/13/07...06...28...13A.1/Q39: CMG install (Mastracchio/D. Williams)
...ISS-63 (13A.1).08/15/07...05...28...13A.1/Q40: P6 SASA (Mastracchio/Anderson)
...ISS-64 (13A.1).08/17/07...05...02...13A.1/Q41: Get aheads (Anderson/D. Williams)
.......................................STS-118/ISS-13A.1 TOTAL: 23:15
4..ISS-65 (10A)...10/26/07...06...14...10A/Q42: Node 2 install (Parazynski/Wheelock)
...ISS-66 (10A)...10/28/07...06...33...10A/Q43: P6 move preps (Parazynski/Tani)
...ISS-67 (10A)...10/30/07...07...08...10A/Q44: P6 relocaiton (Parazynski/Wheelock
...ISS-68 (10A)...11/03/07...07...19...10A/Q45: P6-4B repair (Parazynski/Wheelock)
.......................................STS-120/ISS-10A TOTAL: 27:14
1...ISS-69 (E16)..11/09/07...06...55...E16/Q46: Node 2 outfitting (Whitson/Malenchenko)
1...ISS-70 (E16)..11/20/07...07...16...E16/Q47: Node 2 power config (Whitson/Tani)
1...ISS-71 (E16)..11/24/07...07...04...E16/Q47: Node 2 power config (Whitson/Tani)
1...ISS-72 (E16)..12/18/08...06...56...E16/Q48: SARJ, BGA inspection (Whitson/Tani)
1...ISS-73 (E16)..01/30/08...07...10...E16/Q50: BRRM R&R (Whitson/Tani)
.......................................ISS/E16 TOTAL: 35:21
3...ISS-74 (1E)...02/11/08...07...58...1E/Q51: Columbus install (Walheim/Love)
....ISS-75 (1E)...02/13/08...06...45...1E/Q52: P1 NTA removal (Walheim/Schlegel)
....ISS-76 (1E)...02/15/08...07...25...1E/Q53: CMG return (Walheim/Love)
.......................................STS-122/ISS-1E TOTAL: 22:08
5...ISS-77 (1J/A).03/13/08...07...01...1J/A/Q54: JLP install; SPDM (Linnehan/Reisman)
...ISS-78 (1J/A)..03/15/08...07...08...1J/A/Q55: SPDM assembly (Linnehan/Foreman)
...ISS-79 (1J/A)..03/17/08...06...53...1J/A/Q56: SPDM, spares (Linnehan/Behnken)
...ISS-80 (1J/A)..03/20/08...06...24...1J/A/Q57: RPCM, T-RAD DTO (Behnken/Foreman)
...ISS-81 (1J/A)..03/22/08...06...02...1J/A/Q58: OBSS stow on ISS (Behnken/Foreman)
.......................................STS-123/ISS-1J/A TOTAL: 33:28
109 TOTAL EVAs
Total time:*................686...03...by 54 U.S., 15 Russians, 1 Japan, 3 Canada,
.......................................2 Germans, 1 French, 1 Swede
============================================================
HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE EVAs
STS-31...Bruce McCandless...00...00
0 EVAs...Kathryn Sullivan...00...00
04/24/90: HST Launch. McCandless and Sullivan were suited up for an EVA
when one of Hubble's solar arrays failed to unfurl as expected.
Controllers later coaxed it open without needing a spacewalk.
STS-61...Story Musgrave.....07...53
5 EVAs...Jeffrey Hoffman....06...47
............................07...21
.........Thomas Akers.......06...35
.........Kathy Thornton.....06...50
STS-61 TOTAL................35...26
12/02/93: HST Servicing Mission 1. First mision with five spacewalks;
astronauts installed the WFPC-2, COSTAR, four gyroscopes, gyro
electronics and two new solar arrays. All mission objectives were
accomplished, correcting HST's flawed optics.
STS-82...Mark Lee...........06...42
5 EVAs...Steven Smith.......07...11
............................05...17
.........Gregory Harbaugh...07...27
.........Joseph Tanner......06...34
STS-82 TOTAL................33...11
02/11/97: HST Servicing Mission 2. Four EVAs originally planned; fifth
EVA added to repair peeling and flaking insulation. Objectives included
installation of STIS, NICMOS, a fine guidance sensor, a solid-state
recorder and a reaction wheel assembly (RWA-1). All objectives
accomplished.
STS-103..Steven Smith*......08...15
3 EVAs...John Grunsfeld.....08...08
.........Michael Foale......08...15
.........Claude Nicollier
STS-103 TOTAL...............24...38
12/19/99: HST Servicing Mission 3A. Servicing Mission 3 was broken into
two missions, SM-3A and SM-3B, because of multiple gyroscope failures.
Objectives of SM-3A included installation of a new computer, another
solid-state recorder, a fine guidance sensor and six gyroscopes. All
objectives accomplished.
STS-109..John Grunsfeld*....07...01
5 EVAs...Richard Linnehan...06...48
............................07...20
........James Newman........07...16
........Michael Massimino...07...30
STS-109 TOTAL...............35...55 (Single mission EVA record)
03/01/02: HST Servicing Mission 3B. Objectives included installation of
two new solar arrays, diode boxes, a reaction wheel assembly, power
control unit, the Advanced Camera for Surveys and an experimental cooler
to revive the NICMOS instrument. All objectives accomplished.
TOTAL HUBBLE EVA TIME......129...10
TABLE OF VETERAN SPACE FLIERS
Editor's Note...
Updated through STS-123 NAME....................FLTS...SEX-NATION...MISSIONS Acton, Loren...............1...M-US...STS-51F Adamson, James.............2...M-US...STS-28...STS-43 Afanasyev, Viktor..........4...M-USSR...TM-11...TM-18...TM-29...TM-33 Akers, Thomas..............4...M-US...STS-41...STS-49...STS-61...STS-79 Akiyama, Toyohiro..........1...M-Japan...TM-11 Aksenov, Vladimir..........2...M-USSR...Soyuz 22...Soyuz T2 Aldrin, Edwin..............2...M-US...Gemini 12...Apollo 11 Alexandrov, Alexander......1...M-Bulgaria...TM-5 Alexandrov, Alexander......2...M-USSR...Soyuz T9...TM-3 Allen, Andrew..............3...M-US...STS-46...STS-62...STS-75 Allen, Joseph..............2...M-US...STS-5...STS-51A AlSaud, Sultan.............1...M-S. Arabia...STS-51G Altman, Scott..............3...M-US...STS-90...STS-106...STS-109 Anders, William............1...M-US...Apollo 8 Anderson, Clay.............1...M-US...STS-117/15 Anderson, Michael..........2...M-US...STS-89...STS-107 Ansari, Anousheh...........1...F-US...ISS-14 (taxi) Apt, Jay...................4...M-US...STS-37...STS-47...STS-59...STS-79 Archambault, Lee...........1...M-US...STS-117 Armstrong, Neil............2...M-US...Gemini 8...Apollo 11 Artsebarsky, Anatoly.......1...M-USSR...TM-12 Artyukhin, Yuri............1...M-USSR...Soyuz 14 Ashby, Jeff................3...M-US...STS-93...STS-100...STS-112 Atkov, Oleg................1...M-USSR...Soyuz T10 Aubakirov, Toktar..........1...M-USSR...TM-13 Avdeyev, Sergei............3...M-CIS...TM-15...TM-22...TM-28 Bagian, James..............2...M-US...STS-29...STS-40 Baker, Ellen...............3...F-US...STS-34...STS-50...STS-71 Baker, Michael.............4...M-US...STS-43...STS-52...STS-68...STS-81 Balandin, Alexander........1...M-USSR...TM-9 Barry, Daniel..............3...M-US...STS-72...STS-96...STS-105 Bartoe, John-David.........1...M-US...STS-51F Baturin, Yuri..............2...M-CIS...TM-28...STS-32 Baudry, Patrick............1...M-France...STS-51G Bean, Alan.................2...M-US...Apollo 12...Skylab 3 Behnken, Robert............1...M-US...STS-123 Bella, Ivan................1...M-Slovakia...TM-29 Belyayev, Pavel............1...M-USSR...Voskhod 2 Beregovoy, Georgi..........1...M-USSR...Soyuz 3 Berezovoy, Anatoly.........1...M-USSR...Soyuz T5-7 Binnie, Brian..............1...M-US...SSO X2 Blaha, John................5...M-US...STS-29...STS-33...STS-43...STS-58...79/Mir3/81 Bloomfield, Michael........3...M-US...STS-86...STS-97...STS-110 Bluford, Guion.............4...M-US...STS-8...STS-61A...STS-39...STS-53 Bobko, Karol...............3...M-US...STS-6...STS-51D...STS-51J Bolden, Charles............4...M-US...STS-61C...STS-31...STS-45...STS-60 Bondar, Roberta............1...F-Canada...STS-42 Borman, Frank..............2...M-US...Gemini 7...Apollo 8 Bowersox, Kenneth..........5...M-US...STS-50...STS-61...STS-73...STS-82...113/ISS6 Brady, Charles.............1...M-US...STS-78 Brand, Vance...............4...M-US...ASTP...STS-5...STS-41B...STS-35 Brandenstein, Daniel.......4...M-US...STS-8...STS-51G...STS-32...STS-49 Bridges, Roy...............1...M-US...STS-51F Brown, Curt................6...M-US...STS-47...STS-66...STS-77...STS-85...STS-95...STS-103 Brown, David...............1...M-US...STS-107 Brown, Mark................2...M-US...STS-28...STS-48 Buchli, James..............4...M-US...STS-51C...STS-61A...STS-29...STS-48 Buckey, Jay................1...M-US...STS-90 Budarin, Nikolai...........3...M-CIS...STS-71/Mir19...TM-27/Mir25...113/ISS6 Burbank, Daniel............2...M-US...STS-106...STS-115 Bursch, Daniel.............4...M-US...STS-51...STS-68...STS-77...108/ISS4 Bykovsky, Valery...........3...M-USSR...Vostok 5...Soyuz 22...Soyuz 31 Cabana, Robert.............4...M-US...STS-41...STS-53...STS-65...STS-88 Caldwell, Tracy............1...F-US...STS-118 Camarda, Charles...........1...M-US...STS-114 Cameron, Kenneth...........3...M-US...STS-37...STS-56...STS-74 Carey, Duane...............1...M-US...STS-109 Carpenter,Scott............1...M-US...Mercury 7 Carr, Gerald...............1...M-US...Skylab 4 Carter, Manley.............1...M-US...STS-33 Casper, John...............4...M-US...STS-36...STS-54...STS-62...STS-77 Cenker, Robert.............1...M-US...STS-61C Cernan, Eugene.............3...M-US...Gemini 9...Apollo 10...Apollo 17 Chang-Diaz,Franklin........7...M-US...STS-61C...STS-34...STS-46...STS-60...STS-75 ...............................STS-91...STS-111 Chawla, Kalpana............2...F-US...STS-87...STS-107 Cheli, Maurizio............1...M-Italy...STS-75 Chiao, Leroy...............4...M-US...STS-65...STS-72...STS-92...ISS-10 Chilton, Kevin.............3...M-US...STS-49...STS-59...STS-76 Chretien, Jean-Loup........3...M-France...Soyuz T6...TM-7...STS-86 Clark, Laurel..............1...F-US...STS-107 Cleave, Mary...............2...F-US...STS-61B...STS-30 Clervoy, Jean-Francois.....3...M-France...STS-66...STS-84...STS-103 Clifford, Richard..........3...M-US...STS-53...STS-59...STS-76 Coats, Michael.............3...M-US...STS-41D...STS-29...STS-39 Cockrell, Kenneth..........5...M-US...STS-56...STS-69...STS-80...STS-98...STS-111 Coleman, Catherine.........2...F-US...STS-73...STS-93 Collins, Eileen............4...F-US...STS-63...STS-84...STS-93...STS-114 Collins, Michael...........2...M-US...Gemini 10...Apollo 11 Conrad, Charles............4...M-US...Gemini 5...Gemini 11...Apollo 12...Skylab 2 Cooper, Gordon............2...M-US...Mercury 9...Gemini 5 Covey, Richard.............4...M-US...STS-51I...STS-26...STS-38...STS-61 Creighton, John............3...M-US...STS-51G...STS-36...STS-48 Crippen, Robert............4...M-US...STS-1...STS-7...STS-41C...STS-41G Crouch, Roger..............2...M-US...STS-83...STS-94 Culbertson, Frank..........3...M-US...STS-38...STS-51...ISS-3 Cunningham, Walter.........1...M-US...Apollo 7 Curbeam, Robert............3...M-US...STS-85...STS-98...STS-116 Currie, Nancy..............4...F-US...STS-57...STS-70...STS-88...STS-109 Davis, Jan.................3...F-US...STS-47...STS-60...STS-85 DeLucas, Larry.............1...M-US...STS-50 Demin, Lev.................1...M-USSR...Soyuz 15 DeWinne, Frank.............1...M-Belgium...Soyuz 5S Dezhurov, Vladimir.........2...M-CIS...TM21/STS-71...ISS-3 Dobrovolsky, Georgy........1...M-USSR...Soyuz 11 Doi, Takao.................2...M-Japan...STS-87...STS-123 Drew, Benjamin.............1...M-US...STS-118 Duffy, Brian...............4...M-US...STS-45...STS-57...STS-72...STS-92 Duke, Charles..............1...M-US...Apollo 16 Dunbar, Bonnie.............5...F-US...STS-61A...STS-32...STS-50...STS-71...STS-89 Duque, Pedro...............2...M-Spain...STS-95...Soyuz 8S Durrance, Samuel...........2...M-US...STS-35...STS-67 Dzhanibekov, Vladimir......5...M-USSR...Soyuz-27...Soyuz-39...Soyuz-T6 ...............................Soyuz-T12...Soyuz-T13 Edwards, Joseph............1...M-US...STS-89 Eisele, Donn...............1...M-US...Apollo 7 England, Anthony...........1...M-US...STS-51F Engle, Joseph..............2...M-US...STS-2...STS-51I Evans, Ronald..............1...M-US...Apollo 17 Ewald, Reinhold............1...M-Germany...TM-25 Eyharts, Leopold...........2...M-France...TM-27...STS-122/ISS-16 Fabian, John...............2...M-US...STS-7...STS-51G Faris, MA..................1...M-Syria...TM-3 Farkas, Bertalan...........1...M-Hungary...Soyuz 36 Favier, Jean-Jacques.......1...M-France...STS-78 Feoktistov, Konstantin.....1...M-USSR...Voskhod 1 Ferguson, Chris............1...M-US...STS-115 Fettman, Martin............1...M-US...STS-58 Filipchenko, Anatoly.......2...M-USSR...Soyuz 7...Soyuz 16 Fincke, Michael............1...M-US...ISS-9 Fisher, WIlliam............1...M-US...STS-51I Fisher,Anna................1...F-US...STS-51A Flade, Klaus-Dietrich......1...M-Germany...TM-14 Foale, Michael.............6...M-US...STS-45...STS-56...STS-63...84/Mir5/86 ...............................STS-103...ISS-8 Foreman, Michael...........1...M-US...STS-123 Forrester, Patrick.........2...M-US...STS-105...STS-117 Fossum, Michael............1...M-US...STS-121 Frick, Stephen.............2...M-US...STS-110...STS-122 Frimout, Dirk..............1...M-Belgium...STS-45 Fuglesang, Christer........1...M-Sweden...STS-116 Fullerton, Gordon..........2...M-US...STS-3...STS-51F Furrer, Reinhard...........1...M-Germany...STS-61A Gaffney, Andrew............1...M-US...STS-40 Gagarin, Yuri..............1...M-USSR...Vostok 1 Gardner, Dale..............2...M-US...STS-8...STS-51A Gardner, Guy...............2...M-US...STS-27...STS-35 Garn, Jake.................1...M-US...STS-51D Garneau, Marc..............3...M-Canada...STS-41G...STS-77...STS-97 Garriott, Owen.............2...M-US...Skylab 3...STS-9 Gemar, Charles.............3...M-US...STS-38...STS-48...STS-62 Gernhardt, Michael.........4...M-US...STS-69...STS-83...STS-94...STS-104 Gibson, Edward.............1...M-US...Skylab 4 Gibson, Robert.............5...M-US...STS-41B...STS-61C...STS-27...STS-47...STS-71 Gidzenko, Yuri.............3...M-CIS...TM-22...ISS-1...TM-34 Glazkov, Yuri..............1...M-USSR...Soyuz 24 Glenn, John................2...M-US...MA- 6...STS-95 Godwin, Linda..............4...F-US...STS-37...STS-59...STS-76...STS-108 Gorbatko, Viktor...........3...M-USSR...Soyuz 7...Soyuz 24...Soyuz 37 Gordon, Richard............2...M-US...Gemini 11...Apollo 12 Gorie, Dominic.............4...M-US...STS-91...STS-99...STS-108...STS-123 Grabe, Ronald..............4...M-US...STS-51J...STS-30...STS-42...STS-57 Grechko, Georgy............3...M-USSR...Soyuz 17...Soyuz 26...Soyuz T14 Gregory, Frederick.........3...M-US...STS-51B...STS-33...STS-44 Gregory, William...........1...M-US...STS-67 Griggs, David..............1...M-US...STS-51D Grissom, Virgil............2...M-US...Mercury 4...Gemini 3 Grunsfeld, John............4...M-US...STS-67...STS-81...STS-103...STS-109 Gubarev, Alexei............2...M-USSR...Soyuz 17...Soyuz 28 Guidoni, Umberto...........2...M-Italy...STS-75...STS-100 Gurragcha, J...............1...M-Mongolia...Soyuz 39 Gutierrez, Sidney..........2...M-US...STS-40...STS-59 Hadfield, Chris............2...M-Canada...STS-74...STS-100 Haigere, Jean-Pierre.......2...M-France...TM-17...TM-29 Haignere, Claudie..........2...F-France...TM-24...TM-33 Haise, Fred................1...M-US...Apollo 13 Haisheng, Nie..............1...M-China...Shenzhou 6 Halsell, James.............5...M-US...STS-65...STS-74...STS-83...STS-94...STS-101 Hammond, Blaine............2...M-US...STS-39...STS-64 Harbaugh, Gregory..........4...M-US...STS-39...STS-54...STS-71...STS-82 Harris, Bernard............2...M-US...STS-55...STS-63 Hart, Terry................1...M-US...STS-41C Hartsfield, Henry..........3...M-US...STS-4...STS-41D...STS-61A Hauck, Frederick...........3...M-US...STS-7...STS-51A...STS-26 Hawley, Stephen............5...M-US...STS-41D...STS-61C...STS-31...STS-82...STS-93 Helms, Susan...............5...F-US...STS-54...STS-64...STS-78...STS-101...ISS-2 Henize, Karl...............1...M-US...STS-51F Hennen, Thomas.............1...M-US...STS-44 Henricks, Terence..........4...M-US...STS-44...STS-55...STS-70...STS-78 Hermaszewski, M............1...M-Poland...Soyuz 30 Herrington, John...........1...M-US...STS-113 Hieb, Richard..............3...M-US...STS-39...STS-49...STS-65 Higginbotham, Joan.........1...F-US...STS-116 Hilmers, David.............4...M-US...STS-51J...STS-26...STS-36...STS-42 Hire, Kay..................1...F-US...STS-90 Hobaugh, Charles...........2...M-US...STS-104...STS-118 Hoffman, Jeffrey...........5...M-US...STS-51D...STS-35...STS-46...STS-61...STS-75 Horowitz, Scott............4...M-US...STS-75...STS-82...STS-101...STS-105 Hughes-Fulford, Millie.....1...F-US...STS-40 Husband, Rick..............2...M-US...STS-96...STS-107 Irwin, James...............1...M-US...Apollo 15 Ivanchenkov, Alexander.....2...M-USSR...Soyuz 29...Soyuz T-6 Ivanov, Georgy.............1...M-Bulgaria...Soyuz 33 Ivins, Marsha..............5...F-US...STS-32...STS-46...STS-62...STS-81...STS-98 Jaehn, Sigmund.............1...M-EGermany...Soyuz 31 Jemison, Mae...............1...F-US...STS-47 Jernigan, Tamara...........5...F-US...STS-40...STS-52...STS-67...STS-80...STS-96 Jett, Brent................4...M-US...STS-72...STS-81...STS-97...STS-115 Johnson, Gregory...........1...M-US...STS-123 Jones, Thomas..............4...M-US...STS-59...STS-68...STS-80...STS-98 Junlong, Fei...............1...M-China...Shenzhou 6 Kadenyuk, Leonid...........1...M-CIS...STS-87 Kaleri, Alexander..........4...M-CIS...TM-14...TM-24...Mir-28...ISS-8 Kavandi, Janet.............3...F-US...STS-91...STS-99...STS-104 Kelly, James M.............2...M-US...STS-102...STS-114 Kelly, Mark................2...M-US...STS-108...STS-121 Kelly, Scott...............2...M-US...STS-103...STS-118 Kerwin, Joseph P...........1...M-US...Skylab 2 Khrunov, Yevgeny...........1...M-USSR...Soyuz 4-5 Kilrain, Susan.............2...F-US...STS-83...STS-94 Kizim, Leonid..............3...M-USSR...Soyuz T3...Soyuz T10...Soyuz T15 Klimuk, Pyotr..............3...M-USSR...Soyuz 13...Soyuz 18...Soyuz 30 Komarov, Vladimir..........2...M-USSR...Voskhod 1...Soyuz 1 Kondakova, Elena...........2...F-CIS...TM-20...STS-84 Kononenko, Oleg............1...M-CIS...TMA-12 Korzun, Valery.............2...M-CIS...TM-24...111/ISS5 Kotov, Oleg................1...M-CIS...ISS-15 Kovalenok, Vladimir........3...M-USSR...Soyuz 25...Soyuz 29...Soyuz T4 Kozeev, Konstantin.........1...M-CIS...TM-33 Kregel, Kevin..............4...M-US...STS-70...STS-78...STS-87...STS-99 Krikalev, Sergei...........6...M-USSR...TM-7...TM-12...STS-60...STS-88...ISS-1...ISS-11 Kubasov, Valery............3...M-USSR...Soyuz 6...Soyuz 19ASTP...Soyuz 36 Kuipers, Andre.............1...M-Netherlands...ISS-9 Laveikin, Alexander........1...M-USSR...TM-2 Lawrence, Wendy............4...F-US...STS-67...STS-86...STS-91...STS-114 Lazarev, Vasily............2...M-USSR...Soyuz 12...Soyuz 18A Lazutkin, Alexander........1...M-CIS...TM-25 Lebedev, Valentin..........2...M-USSR...Soyuz 13...Soyuz T5 Lee, Mark..................4...M-US...STS-30...STS-47...STS-54...STS-82 Leestma, David.............3...M-US...STS-41G...STS-28...STS-45 Lenoir, William............1...M-US...STS-5 Leonov, Alexei.............2...M-USSR...Voskhod 2...Soyuz 19 Leslie, Fred...............1...M-US...STS-73 Levchenko, Anatoly.........1...M-USSR...TM-4 Lichtenberg, Byron.........2...M-US...STS-9...STS-45 Lind, Donald...............1...M-US...STS-51B Lindsey, Steven............4...M-US...STS-87...STS-95...STS-104...STS-121 Linenger, Jerry............2...M-US...STS-64...81/Mir4/84 Linnehan, Richard..........4...M-US...STS-78...STS-90...STS-109...STS-123 Linteris, Gregory..........2...M-US...STS-83...STS-94 Liwei, Yang................1...M-China...Shenzhou 1 Lockhart, Paul.............2...M-US...STS-111...STS-113 Lonchakov, Yuri............2...M-CIS...STS-100...Soyuz 5S Lopez-Alegria, Michael.....4...M-US...STS-73...STS-92...STS-113...ISS-14 Lounge, Michael............3...M-US...STS-51I...STS-26...STS-35 Lousma, Jack...............2...M-US...Skylab 3...STS-3 Love, Stanley..............1...M-US...STS-122 Lovell, James..............4...M-US...Gemini 7...Gemini 12...Apollo 8...Apollo 13 Low, David.................3...M-US...STS-32...STS-43...STS-57 Lu, Edward.................3...M-US...STS-84...STS-106...ISS-7 Lucid, Shannon.............5...F-US...STS-51G...STS-34...STS-43...STS-58...76/Mir2/79 Lyakhov, Vladimir..........3...M-USSR...Soyuz 32...Soyuz T9...TM-6 MacLean, Steve.............2...M-Canada...STS-52...STS-115 Magnus, Sandra.............1...F-US...STS-112 Makarov, Oleg..............4...M-USSR...Soyuz 12...Soyuz 18A...Soyuz 27...Soyuz T3 Malenchenko, Yuri..........4...M-CIS...TM-19...STS-106...ISS-7...ISS-16 Malerba, Franco............1...M-Italy...STS-46 Malyshev, Yuri.............2...M-USSR...Soyuz T2...Soyuz T11 Manakov, Gennady...........2...M-USSR...TM-10...TM-16 Manarov, Musa..............2...M-USSR...TM-4...TM-11 Massamino, Michael.........1...M-US...STS-109 Mastracchio, Richard.......2...M-US...STS-106...STS-118 Mattingly, Thomas..........3...M-US...Apollo 16...STS-4...STS-51C McArthur, William..........4...M-US...STS-58...STS-74...STS-92...ISS-12 McBride, Jon...............1...M-US...STS-41G McCandless, Bruce..........2...M-US...STS-41B...STS-31 McCool, William............1...M-US...STS-107 McCulley, Michael..........1...M-US...STS-34 McDivitt, James............2...M-US...Gemini 4...Apollo 9 McMonagle, Donald..........3...M-US...STS-39...STS-54...STS-66 McNair, Ronald.............1...M-US...STS-41B Meade, Carl................3...M-US...STS-38...STS-50...STS-64 Melnick, Bruce.............2...M-US...STS-41...STS-49 Melroy, Pamela.............3...F-US...STS-92...STS-112...STS-120 Melvill, Michael...........2...M-US...SSO...SSO X1 Melvin, Lealand............1...M-US...STS-122 Mendez, Arnaldo............1...M-Cuba...Soyuz 38 Merbold, Ulf...............3...M-Germany...STS-9...STS-42...TM-20 Messerschmid, Ernst........1...M-Germany...STS-61A Mitchell, Edgar............1...M-US...Apollo 14 Mohmand, A.................1...M-Afghanistan...TM-6 Mohri, Mamoru..............2...M-Japan...STS-47...STS-99 Morgan, Barbara............1...F-US...STS-118 Morin, Lee.................1...M-US...STS-110 Morukov, Boris.............1...M-CIS...STS-106 Mukai, Chiaki..............2...F-Japan...STS-65...STS-95 Mullane, Michael...........3...M-US...STS-41D...STS-27...STS-36 Musabayev, Talgat..........3...M-CIS...TM-19...TM-27/Mir25...TM-32 Musgrave, Story............6...M-US...STS-6...STS-51F...STS-33...STS-44...STS-61...STS-80 Nagel, Steven..............4...M-US...STS-51G...STS-61A...STS-37...STS-55 Nelson, George.............3...M-US...STS-41C...STS-61C...STS-26 Nelson, William............1...M-US...STS-61C Neri, Rodolfo..............1...M-Mexico...STS-61B Nespoli, Paolo.............1...M-Italy...STS-120 Newman, James..............4...M-US...STS-51...STS-69...STS-88...STS-109 Nicollier, Claude..........4...M-Switzerland...STS-46...STS-61...STS-75...STS-103 Nikolayev, Andrian.........2...M-USSR...Vostok 3...Soyuz 9 Noguchi, Soichi............1...M-Japan...STS-114 Noriega, Carlos............2...M-US...STS-84...STS-97 Nowak, Lisa................1...F-US...STS-121 Ochoa, Ellen...............4...F-US...STS-56...STS-66...STS-96...STS-110 Ockels, Wubbo..............1...M-Netherlands...STS-61A O'Connor, Bryan............2...M-US...STS-61B...STS-40 Oefelein, William..........1...M-US...STS-116 Olivas, John...............1...M-US...STS-117 Olsen, Gregory.............1...M-US...ISS-12 Taxi Onizuka, Ellison...........1...M-US...STS-51C Onufrienko, Yuri...........2...M-CIS...Mir21...108/ISS4 Oswald, Stephen............3...M-US...STS-42...STS-56...STS-67 Overmyer, Robert...........2...M-US...STS-5...STS-51B Padalka, Gennady...........2...M-CIS...TM-28...ISS-9 Pailes, William............1...M-US...STS-51J Parazynski, Scott..........5...M-US...STS-66...STS-86...STS-95...STS-100...STS-120 Parise, Ronald.............2...M-US...STS-35...STS-67 Parker, Robert.............2...M-US...STS-9...STS-35 Patrick, Nicholas..........1...M-US...STS-116 Patsayev, Viktor...........1...M-USSR...Soyuz 11 Pawelczyk, James...........1...M-US...STS-90 Payette, Julie.............1...F-Canada...STS-96 Payton, Gary...............1...M-US...STS-51C Perrin, Philippe...........1...M-France...STS-111 Peterson, Donald...........1...M-US...STS-6 Pettit, Donald.............1...M-US...113/ISS6 Phillips, John.............2...M-US...STS-100...ISS-11 Piper, Heide...............1...F-US...STS-115 Poindexter, Alan...........1...M-US...STS-122 Pogue, William.............1...M-US...Skylab 4 Polansky, Mark.............2...M-US...STS-98...STS-116 Poleshchuk, Alexander......1...M-CIS...TM-16 Polyakov, Valery...........2...M-USSR...TM-6...TM-18 Pontes, Marcos.............1...M-Brazil...ISS-13 Popov, Leonid..............3...M-USSR...Soyuz 35...Soyuz 40...Soyuz T7 Popovich, Pavel............2...M-USSR...Vostok 4...Soyuz 14 Precourt, Charles..........4...M-US...STS-55...STS-71...STS-84...STS-91 Prunariu, D................1...M-Romania...Soyuz 40 Ramon, Ilan................1...M-Israel...STS-107 Readdy, William............3...M-US...STS-42...STS-51...STS-79 Reightler, Kenneth.........2...M-US...STS-48...STS-60 Reilly, James..............3...M-US...STS-89...STS-104...STS-117 Reisman, Garrett...........3...M-US...STS-123/ISS-16/17 Reiter, Thomas.............2...M-Germany...TM-22...STS-121 Remek, Vladimir............1...M-Czech...Soyuz 28 Resnik, Judith.............1...F-US...STS-41D Richards, Paul.............1...M-US...STS-102 Richards, Richard..........4...M-US...STS-28...STS-41...STS-50...STS-64 Ride, Sally................2...F-US...STS-7...STS-41G Robinson, Stephen..........3...M-US...STS-85...STS-95...STS-114 Romanenko, Yuri............3...M-USSR...Soyuz 26...Soyuz 38...TM-2 Rominger, Kent.............5...M-US...STS-73...STS-80...STS-85...STS-96...STS-100 Roosa, Stuart..............1...M-US...Apollo 14 Ross, Jerry................7...M-US...STS-61B...STS-27...STS-37...STS-55...STS-74 ...............................STS-88...STS-110 Rozhdestvensky, Valery.....1...M-USSR...Soyuz 23 Rukavishnikov, Nikolai.....3...M-USSR...Soyuz 10...Soyuz 16...Soyuz 33 Runco, Mario...............3...M-US...STS-44...STS-54...STS-77 Ryumin, Valery.............4...M-USSR...Soyuz 25...Soyuz 32...Soyuz 35...STS-91 Sacco, Albert..............1...M-US...STS-73 Sarafanov, Gennadi.........1...M-USSR...Soyuz 15 Savinykh, Viktor...........3...M-USSR...Soyuz T4...Soyuz T13...TM-5 Savitskaya, Svetlana.......2...F-USSR...Soyuz T7...Soyuz T12 Schirra, Walter............3...M-US...Mercury 8...Gemini 6...Apollo 7 Schlegel, Hans.............2...M-Germany...STS-55...STS-122 Schmitt, Harrison..........1...M-US...Apollo 17 Schweickart, Russell.......1...M-US...Apollo 9 Scobee, Francis............1...M-US...STS-41C Scott, David...............3...M-US...Gemini 8...Apollo 9...Apollo 15 Scott, Winston.............2...M-US...STS-72...STS-87 Scully-Power, Paul.........1...M-US...STS-41G Searfoss, Richard..........3...M-US...STS-58...STS-76...STS-90 Seddon, Rhea...............3...F-US...STS-51D...STS-40...STS-58 Sega, Ronald...............2...M-US...STS-60...STS-76 Sellers, Piers.............2...M-US...STS-112...STS-121 Serebrov, Alexander........4...M-USSR...Soyuz T7...Soyuz T8...TM-8...TM-17 Sevastianov, Vitaly........2...M-USSR...Soyuz 9...Soyuz 18 Shargin, Yuri..............1...M-CIS...ISS-10 Sharipov, Salizhan.........2...M-CIS...STS-89...ISS-10 Sharma, Rakesh.............1...M-India...Soyuz T11 Sharman, Helen.............1...F-Britain...TM-12 Shatalov, Vladimir.........3...M-USSR...Soyuz 4...Soyuz 8...Soyuz 10 Shaw, Brewster.............3...M-US...STS-9...STS-61B...STS-28 Shepard, Alan..............2...M-US...Mercury 3...Apollo 14 Shepherd, William..........4...M-US...STS-27...STS-41...STS-52...ISS-1 Shonin, Georgy.............1...M-USSR...Soyuz 6 Shriver, Loren.............3...M-US...STS-51C...STS-31...STS-46 Shukor, S, Muszaphar.......1...M-Malaysia...TMA-11 Shuttleworth, Mark.........1...M-S.Africa...TM-34 Simonyi, Charles...........1...M-US...ISS-15 Taxi Slayton, Donald............1...M-US...ASTP Smith, Steven..............4...M-US...STS-68...STS-82...STS-103...STS-110 Solovyev, Anatoly..........5...M-USSR...TM-5...TM-9... TM-15...71/Mir19...TM-26 Solovyov , Vladimir........2...M-USSR...Soyuz T10...Soyuz T15 Spring, Sherwood...........1...M-US...STS-61B Springer, Robert...........2...M-US...STS-29...STS-38 Stafford, Thomas...........4...M-US...Gemini 6...Gemini 9...Apollo 10...ASTP Stewart, Robert............2...M-US...STS-41B...STS-51J Strekalov, Gennady.........5...M-USSR...Soyuz T3...Soyuz T8...Soyuz T11 ...............................TM-10...Mir18/STS-71 Sturckow, Frederick........3...M-US...STS-95...STS-105...STS-117 Sullivan, Kathryn..........3...F-US...STS-41G...STS-31...STS-45 Swanson, Steven............1...M-US...STS-117 Swigert, John..............1...M-US...Apollo 13 Tani, Daniel...............2...M-US...STS-108...STS-120/ISS-16/STS-122 Tanner, Joseph.............4...M-US...STS-66...STS-82...STS-97...STS-115 Tereshkova, Valentina......1...F-USSR...Vostok 6 Thagard, Norman............5...M-US...STS-7...STS-51B...STS-30...STS-42...TM-21/Mir1/71 Thiele, Gerhard............1...M-Germany...STS-99 Thirsk, Robert.............1...M-Canada...STS-78 Thomas, Andrew.............4...M-US...STS-77...89/Mir7/91...STS-102...STS-114 Thomas, Donald.............4...M-US...STS-65...STS-70...STS-83...STS-94 Thornton, Kathryn..........4...F-US...STS-33...STS-49...STS-61...STS-73 Thornton, William..........2...M-US...STS-8...STS-51B Thuot, Pierre..............3...M-US...STS-36...STS-49...STS-62 Tito, Dennis...............1...M-US...Soyuz TM-32 Titov, Gherman.............1...M-USSR...Vostok 2 Titov, Vladimir............4...M-USSR...Soyuz T8...SoyuzTM-4...STS-63...STS-86 Tognini, Michel............2...M-France...TM-15...STS-93 Tokarev, Valery............2...M-CIS...STS-96...ISS-12 Treschev, Sergei...........1...M-CIS...111/ISS5 Trinh, Eugene..............1...M-US...STS-50 Truly, Richard.............2...M-US...STS-2...STS-8 Tryggvason, Bjarni.........1...M-Canada...STS-85 Tsibliyev, Vasily..........2...M-CIS...TM-17...TM-25 Tuan, Pham.................1...M-Vietnam...Soyuz 37 Tyurin, Mikhail............2...M-CIS...ISS-3...ISS-14 Usachev, Yuri..............4...M-CIS...TM-18...Mir21...STS-101...ISS-2 van den Berg, Lodewijk.....1...M-US...STS-51B van Hoften, James..........2...M-US...STS-41C...STS-51I Vasyutin, Vladimir.........1...M-USSR...Soyuz T14 Veach, Charles.............2...M-US...STS-39...STS-52 Viehboeck, Franz...........1...M-Austria...TM-13 Viktorenko, Alexander......4...M-USSR...TM-3...TM-8...TM-14...TM20 Vinogradov, Pavel..........2...M-CIS...TM-26...ISS-13 Vittori, Roberto...........2...M-Italy...TM-34...TMA-6 Volk, Igor.................1...M-USSR...Soyuz T12 Volkov, Alexander..........3...M-USSR...Soyuz T14...TM-7...TM-13 Volkov, Sergei.............11..M-CIS...Soyuz TMA12 Volkov, Vladislav..........2...M-USSR...Soyuz 7...Soyuz 11 Volynov, Boris.............2...M-USSR...Soyuz 5...Soyuz 21 Voss, James...............5...M-US...STS-44...STS-53...STS-69...STS-101...ISS-2 Voss, Janice...............5...F-US...STS-57...STS-63...STS-83...STS-94...STS-99 Wakata, Koichi.............2...M-Japan...STS-72...STS-92 Walheim, Rex...............2...M-US...STS-110...STS-122 Walker, Charles............3...M-US...STS-41D...STS-51D...STS-61B Walker, David..............4...M-US...STS-51A...STS-30...STS-53...STS-69 Walker, Joseph.............2...M-US...X-15...X-15 Walter, Ulrich.............1...M-Germany...STS-55 Walz, Carl.................4...M-US...STS-51...STS-65...STS-79...108/ISS4 Wang, Taylor...............1...M-US...STS-51B Weber, Mary Ellen..........2...F-US...STS-70...STS-101 Weitz, Paul................2...M-US...Skylab 2...STS-6 Wetherbee, James...........6...M-US...STS-32...STS-52...STS-63...STS-86...STS-102...STS-113 Wheelock, Douglas..........1...M-US...STS-120 White, Edward..............1...M-US...Gemini 4 Whitson, Peggy.............2...F-US...111/ISS5...ISS-16 Wilcutt, Terrence..........4...M-US...STS-68...STS-79...STS-89...STS-106 Williams, Dafydd...........2...M-Canada...STS-90...STS-118 Williams, Donald...........2...M-US...STS-51D...STS-34 Williams, Jeffrey..........2...M-US...STS-101...ISS-13 Williams, Sunita...........1...F-US...STS-116 Wilson, Stephanie..........2...F-US...STS-121...STS-120 Wisoff, Jeff...............4...M-US...STS-57...STS-68...STS-81...STS-92 Wolf, David................3...M-US...STS-58...86/Mir6/89...STS-112 Worden, Alfred.............1...M-US...Apollo 15 Yegorov, Boris.............1...M-USSR...Voskhod 1 Yeliseyev, Alexei..........3...M-USSR...Soyuz 4...Soyuz 8...Soyuz 10 Yi, So-Yeon................1...F-South Korea...Soyuz TMA12/11 Young, John................6...M-US...Gemini 3...Gemini 10...Apollo 10 ...............................Apollo 16...STS-1...STS-9 Yurchikhin, Fyodor.........2...M-CIS...STS-112...ISS-115 Zalyotin, Sergei...........2...M-CIS...Mir-28...Soyuz 5S Zamka, George..............1...M-US...STS-120 Zholobov, Vitaly...........1...M-USSR...Soyuz 21 Zudov,Vyacheslav...........1...M-USSR...Soyuz 23 SPACE PROGRAM FATALITIES
Editor's Note...
GENERAL STATISTICS NASA Astronauts Killed in Space Flight.........13 Russian Cosmonauts Killed in Space Flight......4 Total Individuals in Space.....................437 Total Space Fatalities.........................18 IN-FLIGHT FATALITIES Komarov, Vladimir........04/24/67; Soyuz 1 parachute fails during entry Dobrovolsky, Georgy......06/29/71; Soyuz 11 depressurized during entry Patsayev, Victor.........06/29/71; Soyuz 11 depressurized during entry Volkov, Vladislav........06/29/71; Soyuz 11 depressurized during entry Scobee, Francis "Dick"...01/28/86; SRB booster failure, mission STS-51L Smith, Michael...........01/28/86; SRB booster failure, mission STS-51L Resnik, Judith...........01/28/86; SRB booster failure, mission STS-51L Onizuka, Ellison.........01/28/86; SRB booster failure, mission STS-51L McNair, Ronald...........01/28/86; SRB booster failure, mission STS-51L Jarvis, Gregory..........01/28/86; SRB booster failure, mission STS-51L McAuliffe, Christa.......01/28/86; SRB booster failure, mission STS-51L Rick Husband.............02/01/03: Re-entry breakup; WLE penetration William McCool...........02/01/03: Re-entry breakup; WLE penetration David Brown..............02/01/03: Re-entry breakup; WLE penetration Kalpana Chawla...........02/01/03: Re-entry breakup; WLE penetration Michael Anderson.........02/01/03: Re-entry breakup; WLE penetration Laurel Clark.............02/01/03: Re-entry breakup; WLE penetration Ilan Ramon...............02/01/03: Re-entry breakup; WLE penetration OTHER ACTIVE-DUTY FATALITIES Freeman, Theodore........10/31/64; T-38 jet crash in Houston Bassett, Charles.........02/28/66; T-38 jet crash in St. Louis See, Elliott.............02/28/66; T-38 jet crash in St. Louis Grissom, Virgil "Gus"....01/27/67; Apollo 1 launch pad fire White, Edward............01/27/67; Apollo 1 launch pad fire Chaffee, Roger...........01/27/67; Apollo 1 launch pad fire Givens, Edward...........06/06/67; Houston car crash Williams, Clifton........10/15/67; airplane crash near Tallahassee, Fla. Robert Lawrence..........06/??/67; F-104 crash (MOL Air Force astronaut) Gagariin, Yuri...........03/27/68; MiG jet trainer crash near Star City Belyayev, Pavel..........01/10/70; died during surgery Thorne, Stephen..........05/24/86; private plane crash near Houston Levchenko, Anatoly.......08/06/88; inoperable brain tumor Shchukin, Alexander......08/18/88; experimental plane crash Griggs, David............06/17/89; plane crash Carter, Manley "Sonny"...05/04/91; commuter plane crash in Georgia Veach, Charles Lacy......10/03/95; cancer Robertson, Patricia......05/24/01; private plane crash near Houston ORBITER STATISTICS
Editor's Note... Shuttle.........DDD/HH:MM:SS...Flts.Mission..Last flight Challenger*.....062/07:56:22...10...STS-51L..01/28/86 Columbia*.......300/17:40:22...28...STS-107..01/16/03 Discovery.......281/12:13:54...34...STS-120..10/23/07 Atlantis........258/07:07:06...29...STS-122: 02/07/08 Endeavour.......235/02:18:45...21...STS-123..03/11/08 Total..........1153/01/39/29..122...* Vehicle lost ORBITER FLIGHT HISTORIES
NOTE: FRF: Flight Readiness Firing (engine test firing); RSLS: Redundant Set Launch Sequencer Abort (on-pad engine shutdown prior to launch); ATO: Abort to Orbit. Detailed mission reports are available from World Spaceflight News. NASA mission summaries:
Challenger (OV-099) OV...#...STS...Launch.....D/...H:...M:...S:....Notes --..--...FRF...12/18/82...00...00...00...00....FRF-1 --..--...FRF...01/25/83...00...00...00...00....FRF-2 1...06...06....04/04/83...05...00...23...42....TDRS-1 2...07...07....06/18/83...06...02...23...59....Three comsats 3...08...08....08/30/83...06...01...08...43....Insat, CFES 4...10...41B...02/02/84...07...23...15...55....Westar, Palapa; MMU EVA 5...11...41C...04/06/84...06...23...40...07....Solar Max repair; MMU EVA 6...13...41G...10/05/84...08...05...23...38....ERBS, SIR-B; female EVA 7...17...51B...04/29/85...07...00...08...46....Spacelab-3 --..--...RSLS..07/12/85...00...00...00...00....SSME2 CCV slow closing 8...19...51F...07/29/85...07...22...45...26....Spacelab-2; RSLS, ATO 9...22...61A...10/30/85...07...00...44...53....Spacelab D1 10..25...51L...01/28/86...00...00...01...13....SRB failure at T+73 TOTAL:....................62...07...56...22 ------------------------------------------ Columbia (OV-102) OV...#...STS...Launch.....D/...H:...M:...S:....Notes --..--...FRF...02/28/81...00...00...00...00....FRF 1...01...01....04/12/81...02...06...20...53....First shuttle flight 2...02...02....11/12/81...02...06...13...11....Fuel cell/MDM flight 3...03...03....03/22/82...08...00...04...46....White Sands landing 4...04...04....06/27/82...07...01...09...31....Final test flight 5...05...05....11/11/82...05...02...14...26....First satellite launches 6...09...09....11/28/83...10...07...47...24....First Spacelab flight 7...24...61C...01/12/86...06...02...03...51....Last pre-Challenger flight 8...30...28....08/08/89...05...01...00...08....DOD 9...33...32....01/09/90...10...21...00...36....LDEF recovery 10..38...35....12/02/90...08...23...05...08....ASTRO Spacelab mission 11..41...40....06/05/91...09...02...14...20....Life Science Spacelab 12..48...50....06/25/92...13...19...30...04....USML-1 13..51...52....10/22/92...09...20...56...13....LAGEOS-2, USMP-1 --..--...RSLS..03/22/93...00...00...00...00....ME-3 LOX preburner valve 14..55...55....04/26/93...09...23...39...59....Spacelab D2 15..57...58....10/22/93...14...00...12...32....SLS-2 16..61...62....03/04/94...13...23...16...41....USMP-2, OAST-2 17..63...65....07/08/94...14...17...55...00....IML-2 18..72...73....10/20/95...15...21...52...21....USML-2 19..75...75....02/22/96...15...17...40...21....TSS-2, USMP-3 20..78...78....06/20/96...16...21...47...36....LMS (record duration) 21..80...80....11/19/96...17...15...53...18....ORFEUS-SPAS, WSF-3 22..83...83....04/04/97...03...23...12...39....MSL-1 23..85...94....07/01/97...15...16...44...34....MSL-1 reflight 24..88...87....11/19/97...15...16...34...04....USMP, Spartan-201 25..90...90....04/17/98...15...21...49...59....Neurolab 26..95...93....07/23/99...04...22...49...35....Chandra X-ray Observatory 27..109..109...03/01/02...10...22...09...51....Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 3B 28..109..107...01/16/03...15...22...21...21....Vehicle lost in entry TOTAL:....................300...17...40...22 ------------------------------------------ Discovery (OV-103) OV...#...STS...Launch.....D/...H:...M:...S:....Notes --..--...FRF...06/02/84...00...00...00...00....FRF --..--...RSLS..06/26/84...00...00...00...00....ME-3 MFV actuator 1........41D...08/30/84...06...00...56...04....SBS, Syncom, Telstar 2...14...51A...11/07/84...07...23...44...56....Westar, Palapa retrieve 3...15...51C...01/24/85...03...01...33...23....DOD (Magnum) 4...16...51D...04/12/85...06...23...55...23....Telesat, Syncom; unplanned EVA 5...18...51G...06/17/85...07...01...38...52....Morelos, Arabsat, Telstar 6...20...51I...08/27/85...07...02...17...42....ASC, Aussat, Syncom --..--...FRF...08/10/88...00...00...00...00....FRF 7...26...26....09/29/88...04...01...00...11....TDRS-3 (return to flight) 8...28...29....03/13/89...04...23...38...50....TDRS-4 9...32...33....11/22/89...05...00...06...48....DOD 10..35...31....04/24/90...05...01...16...06....Hubble Space Telescope 11..36...41....10/06/90...04...02...10...04....Ulysses Solar Probe 12..40...39....04/28/91...08...07...22...23....DOD/SDI (unclassified) 13..43...48....09/12/91...05...08...27...38....UARS 14..45...42....01/22/91...08...01...14...44....IML-1 15..52...53....12/02/92...07...07...19...47....DOD-1 (classified payload) 16..54...56....04/08/93...09...06...08...24....ATLAS-2 --..--...RSLS..08/12/93...00...00...00...00....ME-2 fuel flow meter fails 17..57...51....09/12/93...09...20...11...11....ACTS, SPAS 18..60...60....02/03/94...08...07...09...22....WSF-1/Russian MS 19..64...64....09/09/94...10...22...49...57....LITE, SAFER, SPIFEX; EVA 20..67...63....02/03/95...08...06...28...15....Mir-1, Spartan, EVA 21..70...70....07/13/95...08...22...20...07....TDRS-G 22..82...82....02/11/97...09...23...37...09....HST Servicing Mission 23..86...85....08/07/97...11...20...26...59....CRISTA-SPAS, MFD 24..91...91....06/02/98...09...19...53...57....Mir Docking No. 9 25..92...95....10/29/98...08...21...43...57....Spartan 201R; John Glenn flight 26..94...96....05/27/99...09...19...13...01....ISS 2A.1 27..96...103...12/19/99...07...23...10...47....HST SM-3A 28..100..92....10/11/00...12...21...42...41....ISS 3A 29..103..102...03/08/01...12...19...49...32....ISS 5A.1 30..106..105...08/10/01...11...21...12...44....ISS 7A.1 31..114..114...07/26/05...13...21...32...48....ISS ULF-1 32..115..121...07/04/06...12...18...36...48....ISS ULF-1.1 33..117..116...12/09/06...12...20...44...24....ISS 12A.1 34..120..120...10/23/07...15...02...23...00....ISS 10A TOTAL:...................296...14...36...54 ------------------------------------------ Atlantis (OV-104) OV...#...STS...Launch.....D/...H:...M:...S:....Notes --..--...FRF...09/12/85...00...00...00...00....FRF 1...21...51J...10/03/85...04...01...44...38....DOD 2...23...61B...11/26/85...06...21...04...49....3 comsats EASE/ACCESS EVA 3...27...27....12/02/88...04...09...05...37....DOD (Lacrosse?) 4...29...30....05/04/89...04...00...56...27....Magellan Venus Probe 5...31...34....10/18/89...04...23...39...21....Galileo Jupiter Probe 6...34...36....02/28/90...04...10...18...22....DOD 7...37...38....11/15/90...04...21...54...31....DOD 8...39...37....04/05/91...05...23...32...44....Gamma Ray Observatory 9...42...43....08/02/91...08...21...21...25....TDRS-5 10..44...44....11/19/91...06...22...50...44....DSP 11..46...45....03/24/92...08...22...09...28....ATLAS-1 12..49...46....07/31/92...07...23...15...03....TSS; EURECA deployment 13..66...66....11/03/94...10...22...34...02....ATLAS-3 14..69...71....06/27/95...09...19...22...17....Mir Docking No. 1 15..73...74....11/12/95...08...04...30...46....Mir Docking No. 2 16..76...76....03/22/96...09...05...15...53....Mir Docking No. 3 17..79...79....09/16/96...10...03...19...28....Mir Docking No. 4 18..81...81....01/12/97...10...04...55...21....Mir Docking No. 5 19..84...84....05/15/97...09...05...19...56....Mir Docking No. 6 20..87...86....09/25/97...10...19...20...50....Mir Docking No. 7 21..98...101...05/19/00...09...20...09...08....ISS 2A.2a (Zarya repair) 22..99...106...09/08/00...11...19...11...01....ISS 2A.2b (Zvezda outfitting) 23..102..98....02/07/01...12...21...20...03....ISS 5A (Destiny lab) 24..105..104...07/12/01...12...18...34...56....ISS 7A (Airlock) 25..109..110...04/08/02...10...19...42...38....ISS 8A (S0 truss) 26..110..112...10/07/02...10...19...57...49....ISS 9A (S1 truss) 27..116..115...09/09/06...11...19...06...35....ISS 12A (P3/P4 truss) 28..118..117...06/08/07...13...20...11...34....ISS-13A (S3/S4) 29..121..122...02/07/08...12...18...21...40....ISS-1E (Columbus module) TOTAL:....................258...07...07...06 ------------------------------------------ Endeavour (OV-105) OV...#...STS...Launch.....D/...H:...M:...S:....Notes --..--...FRF...04/06/92...00...00...00...00....FRF 1...47...49....05/07/92...08...21...17...38....Intelsat rescue 2...50...47....09/12/92...07...22...30...23....Spacelab-J 3...53...54....01/13/93...05...23...38...19....TDRS-6, DXS 4...56...57....06/21/93...09...23...44...54....Eureca retrival, Spacehab-1 5...60...61....12/02/93...10...19...58...37....HST repair 6...62...59....04/09/94...11...05...49...30....Shuttle Radar Laboratory 1 --..--...RSLS..08/18/94...00...00...00...00....ME-3 HPOT discharge temp 7...65...68....09/30/94...11...05...46...08....Shuttle Radar Laboratory 2 8...68...67....03/02/95...16...15...08...48....ASTRO-2 UV astronomy mission 9...71...69....09/07/95...10...20...28...56....WSF-2/Spartan-201 10..74...72....01/11/96...08...22...00...45....SFU retrieve; OAST deploy 11..77...77....05/19/96...10...00...39...24....Inflatable antenna; PAM-STU 12..89...89....01/22/98...08...19...46...54....Mir Docking No. 8 13..93...88....12/04/98...11...19...17...55....ISS 2A 14..97...99....02/11/00...11...05...38...43....SRTM 15..101..97....11/30/00...10...19...57...24....ISS-4A: P6 solar array 16..104..100...04/19/01...11...21...30...00....ISS-6A: SSRMS 17..108..108...12/05/01...11...19...35...42....ISS-UF1: Crew rotation 18..108..111...06/05/02...13...20...34...52....ISS-UF2: Crew rotation 19..112..113...11/23/02...13...18...47...25....ISS-11A: Crew rotation; P1 truss 20..119..118...08/08/07...12...17...55...34......ISS 13A.1 (S5, CMG-3) 21..122..123...08/08/07...15...18...10...54......ISS 1J/A (JLP, Dextre) TOTAL:....................235...02...18...45 Shuttle Launch Statistics
Launches......LC-39A.....LC-39B...Total Night.........17.........13.......30 Daylight......52.........40.......92 Total.........69.........53.......122 Most Recent...03/11/08...12/09/06 SHUTTLE LANDING STATISTICS
Landings......KSC.........EAFB.......WSSH.......Total Night.........16..........6..........0..........22 Daylight......52..........45.........1..........98 Total.........68..........51.........1..........120 Most Recent...03/26/08....06/22/07...03/30/82 Landing site....Runway.....Surface.....Landings..Most recent KSC.............33.........Concrete....TBD.......09/21/06 KSC.............15.........Concrete....TBD.......03/26/08 SHUTTLE ABORT STATISTICS
NOTE: RSLS: Redundant Set Launch Sequencer Abort (on pad engine shutdown); SSME: Space Shuttle Main Engine; ATO: Abort to Orbit Shuttle......Date........Time....Abort.....Notes Discovery....06/26/84....-3s.....RSLS-1....SSME 3 main fuel valve Challenger...07/12/85....-3s.....RSLS-2....SSME 2 chamber coolant valve Challenger...07/29/85....+5:45...ATO-1.....SSME 2 shutdown Columbia.....03/22/93....-3s.....RSLS-3....SSME oxidizer valve Discovery....08/12/93....-3s.....RSLS-4....SSME 2 fuel flow meter Endeavour....08/18/94....-1.9s...RSLS-5....SSME high 02 pump temps MINIMUM MISSION DURATIONS
NOTE: shorted due to technical problems in orbit Flight.....Cause STS-2......Fuel cell failure. 5-day flight cut to MET 2/06:13 STS-44.....IMU failure. 10-day flight cut to MET 6/22:52 STS-83.....Fuel cell NO. 2 failure. 16-day flight cut to MET 3/23:12:39 SHUTTLE FLIGHT READINESS FIRINGS
NOTE: 23-second main engine test firings at the launch pad Orbiter.............No..Date.......SSMEs............Time...Notes Columbia OV-102.....1...02/28/81...2007,2006,2005...23 s...Successful Challenger OV-099...1...12/18/82...2011,2015,2012...23 s...Leaks ....................2...01/25/83...2011,2015,2012...23 s...Cracks found Discovery OV-103....1...06/02/84...2021,2018,2017...23 s...Successful ....................2...08/10/88...2019,2022,2028...23 s...Successful Atlantis OV-104.....1...09/12/85...2011,2019,2017...23 s...Successful Endeavour OV-105....1...04/06/92...2035,2033,2034...23 s...Successful
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