February 11, 2009 4:14 PM

Greenspan Defends Low Interest Rates

By
CBSNews
He got so close to Clinton and his economic team, that he began visiting the White House as often as once a month, something his predecessors had not done.

What was going on?

"Well, I was basically being an economic consultant," Greenspan says.

"But is that proper for the Fed chairman to become an economic consultant of the administration, given the need for the appearance of total independence?" Stahl asks.

"We are one government. The Federal Reserve is not the foreign enemy. I was very knowledgeable about lots of different subjects," Greenspan admits.

"You were influencing policy," Stahl remarks.

"I hope I was," Greenspan says.

That was behind the scenes; in public Greenspan was inscrutable whenever Congress asked about interest rates. He resorted to an indecipherable, Delphic dialect known as "Fed-speak."

"I would engage in some form of syntax destruction, which sounded as though I were…answering the question, but, in fact, had not," Greenspan admits, with a chuckle.

At one hearing, Greenspan said, "Modest pre-emptive actions can obviate the need of more drastic actions at a later date, and that could destabilize the economy."

"Very profound," Greenspan says, after listing to his testimony.

Greenspan personally worked on these "profound" comments.

"But what would often happen is you'd get two newspapers with opposing headlines, coming out of the same hearing," Stahl remarks.

"I succeeded. I succeeded," Greenspan says.

Chairman Alan became "St. Alan" during the robust Clinton years, getting much of the credit for the booming economy, budget surpluses, and soaring markets.

Greenspan became a rock star, with people even thanking him on the street for the growth of their investments.

Wall Street, whose profits soared during his tenure, loved Greenspan, too. They called him "easy Al" for his tendency to slash rates and make money cheap when the markets went down.

Greenspan's most criticized move as Fed chair came at the start of George W. Bush's term, when he supported tax reductions. His testimony, while careful, was read as an endorsement of Bush's massive tax cuts.

"Having a tax cut in place may, in fact, do noticeable good," Greenspan said.

Greenspan had been saying that the surplus should be used to shore up Social Security and Medicare. But he writes that he came to favor a tax cut because he thought without one the surplus would get too large.

"Yeah, but why didn't you think that Congress would never have allowed it to get that far? Why wouldn't you think they would spend it on education, on bridges, on roads or whatever they do?" Stahl asks.

"Because they could have and the numbers were still large enough," Greenspan says. "I never explicitly stated that I was in favor of the Bush tax cut. That's what the Bush administration interpreted, but I never said... I was in favor of 'a' tax cut."



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