No one knows for sure what causes BDD, though genetic factors seem to play a role. And evidence suggests that the disorder may grow out of emotional factors - for example, being teased a lot during childhood. And don't overlook the steady diet of impossibly buff men and women served up by the media for our consumption.
The good news?
BDD is highly treatable, typically responding to a combination of psychotherapy and antidepressant medication.
"Most patients can get better with the right treatment," says Phillips.
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