CBS News/ July 27, 2011, 8:38 AM

Long-term unemployed facing discrimination?

We've all heard that it's easier to get a job when you already have a job. But could employers be discriminating against the unemployed because they're not working now?

In a tough job market, people like Michael Westerholm, CBS News Correspondent Elaine Quijano reported, are getting anxious as time ticks by since their last job.

For nearly 20 years, Westerholm rose through the ranks at postage equipment giant Pitney Bowes in Stamford, Conn., eventually becoming director of business development.

But in January, his position was eliminated and his search for a new job began.

Now, after sending out dozens of resumes and going on half a dozen interviews, Westerholm is getting restless.

Five reasons companies shun the unemployed

He told CBS News, "It kind of grates on you a little bit. You kind of think about it, you know, 'What's my next step? Should I call them again? I called them six times. I don't want to be a pest.'"

But he's just one of 14 million Americans currently unemployed - and is about to become one of the more than six million Americans who've been looking for work for six months or longer.

That half-year mark is a tipping point for getting hired, according to the National Employment Law Project, a national advocacy organization for employment rights of lower-wage workers.

Christine Owens, executive director of the National Employment Law Project, said, "There's just a lot of assumptions that get built up around being unemployed by employers or employment agencies really not wanting to take a chance on the unemployed."

In a new report, the organization says companies are less likely - and in some cases unwilling - to hire those out of work for six months or more. It found 150 listings, including one requiring applicants to be "currently employed" - a practice the group considers to be discriminatory.

Owens said, "I think that employers might feel that someone who has been out of work for more than six months has begun to lose skills, which could be true for some people, but is certainly not true for most people."

The issue has even hit Capitol Hill where legislation has been introduced that would make this practice illegal.

Rep. Hank Johnson (D-Ga.) said, "This is un-American, it's unfair and it should not be legal in America to do that."

Westerholm says he believes employers who immediately dismiss unemployed candidates are missing out.

He said, "There's a lot of good talent out there, and for somebody to pass somebody over just because they're in that position is short-sighted."

On "The Early Show" co-anchor Chris Wragge added CBS News inquired with the company about the posting that required applicants to be currently employed, and they responded that it must be a typo, and promptly removed just minutes later from the requirements section.

On "The Early Show," John Challenger, chief executive officer of the job placement firm Challenger, Gray and Christmas, said employers worry about employing people out of the workforce because they're looking for people who are driven with up-to-date knowledge.

"Everybody likes experience but they worry about your urgency, they worry about the currency of your skills and wonder maybe has inertia set in through this long period of unemployment," he said. "So employers are in the driver's seat right now, it's a buyer's market, a lot of candidates to look at and you can be like a house that's been on the market for a long time. They just say, 'Maybe I missed something that someone else saw,' so it doesn't seem fair if you've been out of work for that long a period of time."

But Challenger said the long-term unemployed can turn their time out of work into a selling point.

He explained, "You've got to, in fact, prove to them that long period of time makes you more urgent. You want that job. You're going to work harder for that company than anybody they find because you know what it's like to be unemployed. And you want to fill in the gaps in your resume, if you've done volunteer or consulting work, make sure you tell them about that. And maybe it's just that you've been out of work for a while, because you decided to take time off to take care of an ailing parent, so you can explain sometimes a gap because you had more pressing personal issues to take care of."

To people who have been searching for work for a long time, Challenger advised, "You have to bring those people around you who lift you up, you have to stay at it like a full time job. You've got to fight for your employment. Maybe it means taking a job a part-time job or something to get back to work that gets you back in that working mode. You could keep looking today while you're working. So nothing says you can't take a job for less money even, but it gets you back in the picture."

So what kind of jobs are available now?

Health care is a strongest industry in the country adding 24,000 jobs on average in the last year, Challenger said. He added, just in the last month, leisure and hospitality added 34,000 jobs. Energy has been a strong sector, along with skilled jobs, professional business services, engineers, accountants and information technology workers.

And where are those jobs?

Challenger said one of the hottest places in the U.S. right now for jobs is Texas. In the last two years Texas has added 262,000 jobs. Payrolls have risen 2.9% since the recession. He added North Dakota, South Dakota and Nebraska have also had relatively low unemployment.

© 2011 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.
13 Comments Add a Comment
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cigi56 says:
Everything is such a mess. It is the saddest thing in the world when it comes to the point where people begin to tear one onther apart. Being unemployed is really a bad situation. No money. Not lazy, just need a job. Willing to work any job. Any pay is better than no pay. Area has lost most of business. very few jobs. Young people have gone to other places seeking employment. I was widowed ten years ago, went to school, got degree and went to work to finish raising four kids. I was offered three different jobs in 2004, One of them i did not apply for, someone shared my resume with the business owner and he called me, and offered the job on the phone at my new employers office. Local government. I was given a $1 an hour raise because of that call. I was given another $1 an hour raise a few weeks later. My job was cut two years ago due to budget shortfalls. I have applied for 500 jobs on the internet, thru newspaper ads, and signs on doors, anywhere there might be an opening. part time, full time, whatever. So far no job. Now there aren't any here to even apply too. With the price of gas up, it limits my area even more. I gather pop cans by the roads for what money they bring in. I stay with relatives. I have to borrow the money for gas to drive for interviews. Then the interviews are scams. Its managers that need help, but companies haven't given them money to hire.Some cases they are going to build a store but haven't yet. One interview lasted two hours and i talked to five owners. All went well till they saw the car I drive. It was a purple pt chrysler, american made in 2005.I noticed they all drove fords. So i have the feeling that is why I was not hired. Discrimination is out there, and God help us all, it looks pretty bleek right now. Unemployment is the elephant in the room. Everyone just ignores it, and hopes it will go away. It won't and if it gets worse it may bring the whole house down. Can't fix stupid!!!!!!!!
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almabowman says:
Unemployment numbers are comprised of those that are in the job market for the past 30 days. It does not include those that have not been in the job market in the last 30 days: people who have given up looking; those that have gone off unemployment because it has run out. One solution to unemployment is "High Speed University" check it out
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tsigili says:
That would seem to be the case. It has been reported too many times, for it to be untrue.
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maiingan says:
Employers who shun unemployed applicants are so far beneath contemptible, I'm afraid I'd be insulting the viruses if I even recognized them as a form of life. They are automata programmed to do exactly what the company ahead of them did to the applicant, to cause continuing unemployment. Job websites who have consciences as well as gaping wallets should refuse help-wanted ads from these companies.
Barring unemployed job applicants fails the test of Kant's Categorical Imperative. Almost no one goes through an entire work life without some unemployment. If all employers engaged in this bigotry, America would more quickly have a critical mass of the unemployed who would band together and start marching in the streets demanding the opportunity to earn their livings legally.
Long-term unemployment is harming everyone in this economy - including the smug Social Darwinists who blame every unemployed person for his situation. Employers must be forced to distribute unemployment equitably. But if the want ads don't clear the market of the labor supply and solve real work needs, we need a new WPA.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/webform/How%20to%20Put%20America%20Back%20to%20Work.doc
http://www.opednews.com/articles/How-to-Put-America-Back-to-by-Jean-SmilingCoyote-110209-850.html
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jgg000101 says:
sorry, but an employer has the right to hire whoever it wants to hire. And if the business wants to be successful it will hire someone with evidence of effectiveness and a history of achievement - even at entry level positions. Also, when the government pays people to be out of work for almost 2 years, plus their mortgage payments for up 1 year, people tend to become lazy. Unfortunately, now they are becoming desperate.
I do happen to remember those stories several months ago about "staycations" and "funemployment".
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William92107 replies:
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jgg000101 - I'm sorry to hear you think this way!! And I hope you never become unemployed. But for you to say that those of us that are unemployed are lazy and just letting the government pay us for doing nothing is wrong. I happen to be one of them unemployed for 2 years and every day I would look for jobs, follow up on jobs day in and day out. Sure there are a few bad seeds out there that are milking the system. But for employers to just immediately dismiss us as candidates is unfair and pure discrimination. At least if we have the qualifications from previous employment they should call us in for a interview and gives us the chance to prove ourselves. But it's the thinking and mind set you show in your post that is the issue employers need to get rid of.

jgg000101 - as I said before, I hope you never have to go through this unemployment deal, but then again maybe you and the others that think the way you do should walk in our shoes for a while before you make snap decisions.
HoustonBlue replies:
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Please do not make assumptions about the unemployed. My husband left his job voluntarily 5 years ago to start his own business. He has been unemployed or severely underemployed ever since, and we have received no government assistance. Middle-aged unemployed professionals, many who are highly educated and skilled, need jobs to regain their feelings of self-worth and to be a value to society. It is criminal that American companies are willing to shun millions of talented, able-bodied people and let their talents go to waste. Meanwhile, their families are unable to consume at the levels that would help the economy, save for retirement and college for our children, go to the doctor, etc.
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MichaelGaree says:
Nothing like kicking a man (or woman) when they are down, huh?

Now that we have made sure (through tax-payer dollars) that all the bankers and Wall Street thieves can still receive their HUGE salaries and bonuses, isn't it time we addressed the genuine concerns of the people who actually make this country work (pun intended)?

We have so many real, critical problems facing us in this country today, and apparently our "D.C. ******" aren't capable of adequately addressing many (any?) of them. Yet we continue to squander the talents and expertise of so many millions of men and women who want to work but can't find jobs. Our "loyal" multi-billion dollar corporations would rather send the work overseas. That way, they can get even BIGGER bonuses and salaries for their company officers.

I realize that international trade and business relations are important in the long run, but should we continue to prop them up at the considerable expense of our own citizens? That seems to me to be tantamount to making sure your fiends and neighbors have plenty of food to eat while you own family starves to death.

We had better wake up in this country . . . before it is too late!

Michael Garee
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nfission says:
Where in Texas?? I have a friend in Corpus Christi with an MBA and he can't find a job.
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DenverBroncofan replies:
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He must not even be looking. TX has many job openings in the Houston area
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3thingsuneed says:
in the WSJ was an article about employers hiring more from Temp Agencies. They don't have to pay for benefits or high wages..win win for the employers..Bad thing is at Temp Agencies you could work a couple of weeks and be off for 3 weeks..sucks!
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Hadenoughuc says:
Why not they have already discriminated against people with no diploma's .The pratice of asking edu lvl should be banded as well as your last employers listed .they should see how you interview no more no less.
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William92107 replies:
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Plus the discriminate against people that are over the age of 40,
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